A Potent Greenhouse Gas Identified in the Atmosphere: SF 5 CF 3-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

A Potent Greenhouse Gas Identified in the Atmosphere: SF 5 CF 3

Published:2000-07-28 Issue:5479 Volume:289 Page:611-613
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Sturges W. T.¹,Wallington T. J.²,Hurley M. D.²,Shine K. P.³,Sihra K.³,Engel A.⁴,Oram D. E.¹,Penkett S. A.¹,Mulvaney R.⁵,Brenninkmeijer C. A. M.⁶

Affiliation:

1. School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.

2. Ford Motor Company, Mail Drop SRL-3083, Dearborn, MI 48121–2053, USA.

3. Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, UK.

4. Institute for Meteorology and Geophysics, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.

5. British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.

6. Atmospheric Chemistry Division, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, D-55060 Mainz, Germany.

Abstract

We detected a compound previously unreported in the atmosphere, trifluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride (SF 5 CF 3 ). Measurements of its infrared absorption cross section show SF 5 CF 3 to have a radiative forcing of 0.57 watt per square meter per parts per billion. This is the largest radiative forcing, on a per molecule basis, of any gas found in the atmosphere to date. Antarctic firn measurements show it to have grown from near zero in the late 1960s to about 0.12 part per trillion in 1999. It is presently growing by about 0.008 part per trillion per year, or 6% per year. Stratospheric profiles of SF 5 CF 3 suggest that it is long-lived in the atmosphere (on the order of 1000 years).

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference23 articles.

1. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998 Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project Rep. 44 (World Meteorological Organization Geneva 1999).

2. Air samples (200 to 800 ml) were cryofocused at –186°C with liquid argon desorbed at 90°C and separated on a temperature-controlled alumina PLOT capillary column. The Micromass “AutoSpec” configuration comprised an electron ionization source a magnetic field sector pre– and post–electric field focusing sectors and a photomultiplier detector.

3. Fraser P. J., Oram D. E., Reeves C. E., Penkett S. A., McCulloch A., J. Geophys. Res. 104, 15985 (1999).

4. The air standard was obtained from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Boulder CO. The NOAA scale agrees to within 1% of that of the University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany (1 17).

5. First pure SF 5 CF 3 (Flura Corporation Newport TN) was successively diluted in large stirred aluminum drums to 1 part per billion by volume followed by injection of microliter amounts into the GC-MS using a small sample loop filled to varying pressures to span the range of concentrations that we measured in ambient air. These measurements were referenced to a synthetic calibrated 10-ppb SF 6 -in-nitrogen standard [“Heidelberg” scale (17)] that was prepared and analyzed in the same way. Second the relative abundances of two ions common to both SF 6 and SF 5 CF 3 (masses of 89 and 127) were determined from full-scan mass spectra of diluted pure gases and compared with the relative peak areas in the NOAA standard. The second method is independent of errors arising from dilution effects but it assumes invariant ionization efficiency. The first method yielded a concentration in the NOAA standard (collected at Niwot Ridge CO in spring 1994) of 0.072 ± 0.009 ppt whereas the second method gave a concentration of 0.116 ± 0.018 ppt.

Cited by 142 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Next steps for assessing ocean iron fertilization for marine carbon dioxide removal;Frontiers in Climate;2024-09-09

2. Activation of SF5CF3 by the N-Heterocyclic Carbene SIMes;Molecules;2023-09-19

3. Reduction of SF₅CF₃viairidium catalysis: radical trifluoromethylation of aromatics;Chemical Communications;2023

4. Termoquímica computacional: en la búsqueda de la precisión química;Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico-Farmacéuticas;2022-10-29

5. Automated fragment formula annotation for electron ionisation, high resolution mass spectrometry: application to atmospheric measurements of halocarbons;Journal of Cheminformatics;2021-10-04