1. Pew Institute for Ocean Science, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami, New York, NY 10022, USA.
2. RSMAS, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149-1098, USA.
3. Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY 10460, USA.
4. Marine Sciences Research Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA.
5. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0227, USA.
6. School of Marine Affairs, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
7. Commonweal Ocean Policy Program, Bolinas, CA 94924, USA.
8. University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, Solomons, MD 20688, USA.
9. Food Web Dynamics Program, National Marine Fisheries Service—Northeast Fishery Science Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
10. Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA.
11. Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Jack Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
12. Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Imperial College, Royal School of Mines Building, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK.
13. National Research Council (Europe) Ltd., Norfolk NR34 OBT, UK.
14. Division of Marine Research, CSIRO, Tasmania 7001, Australia.