Integrated terrestrial-freshwater planning doubles conservation of tropical aquatic species

Author:

Leal Cecília G.12ORCID,Lennox Gareth D.3ORCID,Ferraz Silvio F. B.1ORCID,Ferreira Joice4ORCID,Gardner Toby A.5ORCID,Thomson James R.6ORCID,Berenguer Erika37ORCID,Lees Alexander C.89ORCID,Hughes Robert M.1011ORCID,Mac Nally Ralph12ORCID,Aragão Luiz E. O. C.1314ORCID,de Brito Janaina G.15ORCID,Castello Leandro16,Garrett Rachael D.17ORCID,Hamada Neusa18ORCID,Juen Leandro19ORCID,Leitão Rafael P.20ORCID,Louzada Julio2ORCID,Morello Thiago F.21ORCID,Moura Nárgila G.22,Nessimian Jorge L.23,Oliveira-Junior José Max B.24ORCID,Oliveira Victor Hugo F.2ORCID,de Oliveira Vívian C.18ORCID,Parry Luke3ORCID,Pompeu Paulo S.2ORCID,Solar Ricardo R. C.20ORCID,Zuanon Jansen18ORCID,Barlow Jos23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.

2. Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CEP 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil.

3. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.

4. EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental, CEP 66095-100, Belém, Pará, Brazil.

5. Stockholm Environment Institute, Linegatan 87D, 11523, Stockholm Sweden.

6. Department of Environment, Land, Water, and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Vic, Australia.

7. Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

8. Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.

9. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

10. Amnis Opes Institute, Corvallis, OR, USA.

11. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.

12. School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.

13. Tropical Ecosystems and Environmental Sciences Group (TREES), Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research–INPE, Avenida dos Astronautas, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

14. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

15. Escola Estadual Maria Miranda Araújo, Secretaria de Educação do Estado de Mato Grosso, Av. Aeroporto, s/n, CEP 78336-000, Colniza, MT, Brazil.

16. Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.

17. Environmental Policy Lab, Departments of Environmental System Science and Humanities, Social, and Political Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.

18. Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2.936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, AM, Brazil.

19. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correia, No. 1, Bairro Guamá, CEP 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil.

20. Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, CP 486, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

21. Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil.

22. Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brazil.

23. Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

24. Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, s/n (Unidade Tapajós), Bairro Salé, CEP 68040-255, Santarém, PA, Brazil.

Abstract

Consider both water and land When designing terrestrial reserves, it is common to consider the needs of species and systems from a terrestrial perspective, with an assumption that any freshwater systems will benefit as well. Leal et al. tested this assumption by analyzing data from two locations in the Brazilian Amazon and found that it is far from accurate: Terrestrial systems confer little benefit to freshwater systems (see the Perspective by Abell and Harrison). However, the authors also found that integrating the needs of freshwater species into overall reserve planning increased freshwater benefits by 600% while only decreasing terrestrial outcomes by 1%. They argue that reserve planning must take freshwater systems into account if they are to protect across both realms. Science , this issue p. 117 ; see also p. 38

Funder

Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, Australian Research Council

NERC Environmental Bioinformatics Centre

Swedish Research Council Formas

CNPq

FAPESP

Darwin Initiative

Odyssea

Embrapa

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference49 articles.

1. The Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment: an overview of the results

2. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment “Ecosystems and human well-being: wetlands and water—Synthesis” (World Resources Institute 2005).

3. Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity

4. UNEP-WCMC and IUCN “Protected Planet Report 2016” (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2016).

5. Freshwater biodiversity: importance, threats, status and conservation challenges

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