Approaching the motional ground state of a 10-kg object-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Approaching the motional ground state of a 10-kg object

Published:2021-06-18 Issue:6548 Volume:372 Page:1333-1336
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Whittle Chris¹^ORCID,Hall Evan D.¹^ORCID,Dwyer Sheila²^ORCID,Mavalvala Nergis¹,Sudhir Vivishek¹³^ORCID,Abbott R.⁴,Ananyeva A.⁴,Austin C.⁵,Barsotti L.¹^ORCID,Betzwieser J.⁶^ORCID,Blair C. D.⁶⁷^ORCID,Brooks A. F.⁴^ORCID,Brown D. D.⁸,Buikema A.¹,Cahillane C.⁴^ORCID,Driggers J. C.²^ORCID,Effler A.⁶,Fernandez-Galiana A.¹^ORCID,Fritschel P.¹^ORCID,Frolov V. V.⁶,Hardwick T.⁵,Kasprzack M.⁴^ORCID,Kawabe K.²^ORCID,Kijbunchoo N.⁹^ORCID,Kissel J. S.²^ORCID,Mansell G. L.¹²,Matichard F.¹⁴,McCuller L.¹^ORCID,McRae T.⁹,Mullavey A.⁶^ORCID,Pele A.⁶^ORCID,Schofield R. M. S.¹⁰,Sigg D.²^ORCID,Tse M.¹^ORCID,Vajente G.⁴^ORCID,Vander-Hyde D. C.¹¹,Yu Hang¹^ORCID,Yu Haocun¹,Adams C.⁶,Adhikari R. X.⁴^ORCID,Appert S.⁴,Arai K.⁴^ORCID,Areeda J. S.¹²^ORCID,Asali Y.¹³,Aston S. M.⁶,Baer A. M.¹⁴,Ball M.¹⁰,Ballmer S. W.¹¹^ORCID,Banagiri S.¹⁵,Barker D.²,Bartlett J.²,Berger B. K.¹⁶^ORCID,Bhattacharjee D.¹⁷^ORCID,Billingsley G.⁴^ORCID,Biscans S.¹⁴^ORCID,Blair R. M.²,Bode N.¹⁸¹⁹^ORCID,Booker P.¹⁸¹⁹,Bork R.⁴,Bramley A.⁶,Cannon K. C.²⁰^ORCID,Chen X.⁷,Ciobanu A. A.⁸^ORCID,Clara F.²,Compton C. M.²^ORCID,Cooper S. J.²¹^ORCID,Corley K. R.¹³,Countryman S. T.¹³^ORCID,Covas P. B.²²,Coyne D. C.⁴^ORCID,Datrier L. E. H.²³^ORCID,Davis D.¹¹^ORCID,Di Fronzo C.²¹,Dooley K. L.²⁴²⁵^ORCID,Dupej P.²³,Etzel T.⁴,Evans M.¹^ORCID,Evans T. M.⁶^ORCID,Feicht J.⁴^ORCID,Fulda P.²⁶^ORCID,Fyffe M.⁶,Giaime J. A.⁵⁶^ORCID,Giardina K. D.⁶,Godwin P.²⁷,Goetz E.⁵¹⁷²⁸^ORCID,Gras S.¹,Gray C.²,Gray R.²³,Green A. C.²⁶^ORCID,Gustafson E. K.⁴,Gustafson R.²⁹,Hanks J.²,Hanson J.⁶,Hasskew R. K.⁶,Heintze M. C.⁶,Helmling-Cornell A. F.¹⁰^ORCID,Holland N. A.⁹,Jones J. D.²,Kandhasamy S.³⁰^ORCID,Karki S.¹⁰,King P. J.²,Kumar Rahul²,Landry M.²,Lane B. B.¹^ORCID,Lantz B.¹⁶^ORCID,Laxen M.⁶^ORCID,Lecoeuche Y. K.²⁸,Leviton J.²⁹,Liu J.¹⁸¹⁹^ORCID,Lormand M.⁶,Lundgren A. P.³¹,Macas R.²⁴,MacInnis M.¹^ORCID,Macleod D. M.²⁴^ORCID,Márka S.¹³^ORCID,Márka Z.¹³,Martynov D. V.²¹^ORCID,Mason K.¹,Massinger T. J.¹,McCarthy R.²,McClelland D. E.⁹^ORCID,McCormick S.⁶,McIver J.⁴²⁸^ORCID,Mendell G.²,Merfeld K.¹⁰,Merilh E. L.²,Meylahn F.¹⁸¹⁹^ORCID,Mistry T.³²,Mittleman R.¹,Moreno G.²,Mow-Lowry C. M.²¹^ORCID,Mozzon S.³¹^ORCID,Nelson T. J. N.⁶,Nguyen P.¹⁰,Nuttall L. K.³¹^ORCID,Oberling J.²,Oram Richard J.⁶,Osthelder C.⁴,Ottaway D. J.⁸^ORCID,Overmier H.⁶,Palamos J. R.¹⁰,Parker W.⁶³³^ORCID,Payne E.³⁴,Penhorwood R.²⁹,Perez C. J.²,Pirello M.²^ORCID,Radkins H.²,Ramirez K. E.³⁵^ORCID,Richardson J. W.⁴^ORCID,Riles K.²⁹^ORCID,Robertson N. A.⁴²³,Rollins J. G.⁴^ORCID,Romel C. L.²,Romie J. H.⁶,Ross M. P.³⁶^ORCID,Ryan K.²,Sadecki T.²,Sanchez E. J.⁴,Sanchez L. E.⁴,Saravanan T. R.³⁰,Savage R. L.²^ORCID,Schaetz D.⁴,Schnabel R.³⁷^ORCID,Schwartz E.⁶^ORCID,Sellers D.⁶,Shaffer T.²,Slagmolen B. J. J.⁹,Smith J. R.¹²^ORCID,Soni S.⁵,Sorazu B.²³^ORCID,Spencer A. P.²³,Strain K. A.²³^ORCID,Sun L.⁴⁹^ORCID,Szczepańczyk M. J.²⁶^ORCID,Thomas M.⁶,Thomas P.²,Thorne K. A.⁶^ORCID,Toland K.²³,Torrie C. I.⁴,Traylor G.⁶,Urban A. L.⁵,Valdes G.⁵,Veitch P. J.⁸^ORCID,Venkateswara K.³⁶,Venugopalan G.⁴^ORCID,Viets A. D.³⁸^ORCID,Vo T.¹¹,Vorvick C.²^ORCID,Wade M.³⁹^ORCID,Ward R. L.⁹,Warner J.²,Weaver B.²^ORCID,Weiss R.¹,Willke B.¹⁸¹⁹^ORCID,Wipf C. C.⁴,Xiao L.⁴^ORCID,Yamamoto H.⁴^ORCID,Zhang L.⁴,Zucker M. E.¹⁴,Zweizig J.⁴

Affiliation:

1. Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

2. LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

4. LIGO, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

5. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.

6. LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA.

7. OzGrav, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.

8. OzGrav, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.

9. OzGrav, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia.

10. University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.

11. Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.

12. California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA.

13. Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.

14. Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA.

15. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

16. Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

17. Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA.

18. Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute), D-30167 Hannover, Germany.

19. Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.

20. RESCEU, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

21. University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.

22. Universitat de les Illes Balears, IAC3-IEEC, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

23. SUPA, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.

24. Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK.

25. The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.

26. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

27. The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

28. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.

29. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

30. Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India.

31. University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK.

32. The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.

33. Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA.

34. OzGrav, School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.

35. The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA.

36. University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

37. Universität Hamburg, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.

38. Concordia University Wisconsin, Mequon, WI 53097, USA.

39. Kenyon College, Gambier, OH 43022, USA.

Abstract

Really cool mirrors Cooling objects to low temperature can increase the sensitivity of sensors and the operational performance of most devices. Removing most of the thermal vibrations—or phonons—such that the object reaches its motional quantum ground state has been achieved but typically with tiny, nanoscale objects. Using the suspended mirrors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) that form a 10-kg optomechanical oscillator, Whittle et al. demonstrate the ability to cool such a large-scale object to nearly the motional ground state. An upgrade to LIGO with such a modification could increase its sensitivity and range to gravitational waves but also extend studies of quantum mechanics to large-scale objects. Science , abh2634, this issue p. 1333

Funder

National Science Foundation

Science and Technology Facilities Council

Australian Research Council

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China

Advanced LIGO

LIGO Document Number

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary