Protection Against Malaria by Intravenous Immunization with a Nonreplicating Sporozoite Vaccine
Author:
Seder Robert A.1, Chang Lee-Jah1, Enama Mary E.1, Zephir Kathryn L.1, Sarwar Uzma N.1, Gordon Ingelise J.1, Holman LaSonji A.1, James Eric R.2, Billingsley Peter F.2, Gunasekera Anusha2, Richman Adam2, Chakravarty Sumana2, Manoj Anita2, Velmurugan Soundarapandian2, Li MingLin3, Ruben Adam J.2, Li Tao2, Eappen Abraham G.2, Stafford Richard E.23, Plummer Sarah H.1, Hendel Cynthia S.1, Novik Laura1, Costner Pamela J. M.1, Mendoza Floreliz H.1, Saunders Jamie G.1, Nason Martha C.4, Richardson Jason H.5, Murphy Jittawadee5, Davidson Silas A.5, Richie Thomas L.6, Sedegah Martha6, Sutamihardja Awalludin6, Fahle Gary A.7, Lyke Kirsten E.8, Laurens Matthew B.89, Roederer Mario1, Tewari Kavita1, Epstein Judith E.6, Sim B. Kim Lee23, Ledgerwood Julie E.1, Graham Barney S.1, Hoffman Stephen L.23, DiGiovanni Cassandra, Williams Pernell, Luongo Nicole, Mitchell Jillian, Florez Maria Burgos, Larkin Brenda, Berkowitz Nina, Wilson Brandon, Clarke Tanya, Vasilenko Olga, Yamshchikov Galina, Sitar Sandra, Stanford LaChonne, Pittman Iris, Bailer Robert T., Casazza Joseph, Decederfelt Hope, Starling Judith, Williams Esther C., Lau Anna, Antonara Stella, Brocious Jeffery, Kemp Margaret, Inglese James, Dranchak Patricia, Abot Esteban N., Reyes Sharina, Ganeshan Harini, Belmonte Maria, Huang Jun, Belmonte Arnel, Komisar Jack, Abebe Yonas, Getachew Yeab, Patil Asha, Matheny Steve, Nelson Keith, Overby James, Pich Virak, Wen Yingda, Fan Richard, Fomumbod Enni, Awe Aderonke, Chakiath Chinnamma, King Mary, Orozco Maria Socorro, Murshedkar Tooba, Padilla Debbie, Jiang Bing, Gao Lixin, KC Natasha, Xu Rui, Adams Matthew, Plowe Christopher, Loblein Hayley, Renehan Phyllis Zaia, Kunchai Meghan, Diep Ly,
Affiliation:
1. Vaccine Research Center (VRC), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. 2. Sanaria, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. 3. Protein Potential, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. 4. Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. 5. Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. 6. U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Program, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. 7. Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. 8. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. 9. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Abstract
Malaria Sporozoite Vaccine
Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with
Plasmodium falciparum
, the mosquito-borne parasite that causes malaria. A preventative vaccine is greatly needed.
Seder
et al.
(p.
1359
, published online 8 August; see the Perspective by
Good
) now report the results from a phase I clinical trial where subjects were immunized intravenously with a whole, attenuated sporozoite vaccine. Three of 9 subjects who received four doses and zero of 6 subjects who received five doses of the vaccine went on to develop malaria after controlled malaria infection. Both antibody titers and cellular immune responses correlated positively with the dose of vaccine received, suggesting that both arms of the adaptive immune response may have participated in the observed protection.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Subject
Multidisciplinary
Reference50 articles.
1. World Health Organization World Malaria Report: 2012 (2012); available at www.who.int/malaria/publications/world_malaria_report_2012/report/en/index.html. 2. Global malaria mortality between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis 3. The Potential Role of Vaccines in the Elimination of Falciparum Malaria and the Eventual Eradication of Malaria 4. A Research Agenda for Malaria Eradication: Vaccines 5. Malaria Vaccine Technology Roadmap 2006; available at www.malariavaccine.org/files/Malaria_Vaccine_TRM_Final.pdf.
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