The Genome of the African Trypanosome
Trypanosoma brucei
Author:
Berriman Matthew12345, Ghedin Elodie12345, Hertz-Fowler Christiane12345, Blandin Gaëlle12345, Renauld Hubert12345, Bartholomeu Daniella C.12345, Lennard Nicola J.12345, Caler Elisabet12345, Hamlin Nancy E.12345, Haas Brian12345, Böhme Ulrike12345, Hannick Linda12345, Aslett Martin A.12345, Shallom Joshua12345, Marcello Lucio12345, Hou Lihua12345, Wickstead Bill12345, Alsmark U. Cecilia M.12345, Arrowsmith Claire12345, Atkin Rebecca J.12345, Barron Andrew J.12345, Bringaud Frederic12345, Brooks Karen12345, Carrington Mark12345, Cherevach Inna12345, Chillingworth Tracey-Jane12345, Churcher Carol12345, Clark Louise N.12345, Corton Craig H.12345, Cronin Ann12345, Davies Rob M.12345, Doggett Jonathon12345, Djikeng Appolinaire12345, Feldblyum Tamara12345, Field Mark C.12345, Fraser Audrey12345, Goodhead Ian12345, Hance Zahra12345, Harper David12345, Harris Barbara R.12345, Hauser Heidi12345, Hostetler Jessica12345, Ivens Al12345, Jagels Kay12345, Johnson David12345, Johnson Justin12345, Jones Kristine12345, Kerhornou Arnaud X.12345, Koo Hean12345, Larke Natasha12345, Landfear Scott12345, Larkin Christopher12345, Leech Vanessa12345, Line Alexandra12345, Lord Angela12345, MacLeod Annette12345, Mooney Paul J.12345, Moule Sharon12345, Martin David M. A.12345, Morgan Gareth W.12345, Mungall Karen12345, Norbertczak Halina12345, Ormond Doug12345, Pai Grace12345, Peacock Chris S.12345, Peterson Jeremy12345, Quail Michael A.12345, Rabbinowitsch Ester12345, Rajandream Marie-Adele12345, Reitter Chris12345, Salzberg Steven L.12345, Sanders Mandy12345, Schobel Seth12345, Sharp Sarah12345, Simmonds Mark12345, Simpson Anjana J.12345, Tallon Luke12345, Turner C. Michael R.12345, Tait Andrew12345, Tivey Adrian R.12345, Van Aken Susan12345, Walker Danielle12345, Wanless David12345, Wang Shiliang12345, White Brian12345, White Owen12345, Whitehead Sally12345, Woodward John12345, Wortman Jennifer12345, Adams Mark D.12345, Embley T. Martin12345, Gull Keith12345, Ullu Elisabetta12345, Barry J. David12345, Fairlamb Alan H.12345, Opperdoes Fred12345, Barrell Barclay G.12345, Donelson John E.12345, Hall Neil12345, Fraser Claire M.12345, Melville Sara E.12345, El-Sayed Najib M.12345
Affiliation:
1. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK. 2. The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. 3. Department of Microbiology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. 4. Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 56 Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NU, UK. 5. Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
Abstract
African trypanosomes cause human sleeping sickness and livestock trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. We present the sequence and analysis of the 11 megabase-sized chromosomes of
Trypanosoma brucei
. The 26-megabase genome contains 9068 predicted genes, including ∼900 pseudogenes and ∼1700
T. brucei
–specific genes. Large subtelomeric arrays contain an archive of 806 variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes used by the parasite to evade the mammalian immune system. Most
VSG
genes are pseudogenes, which may be used to generate expressed mosaic genes by ectopic recombination. Comparisons of the cytoskeleton and endocytic trafficking systems with those of humans and other eukaryotic organisms reveal major differences. A comparison of metabolic pathways encoded by the genomes of
T. brucei, T. cruzi
, and
Leishmania major
reveals the least overall metabolic capability in
T. brucei
and the greatest in
L. major
. Horizontal transfer of genes of bacterial origin has contributed to some of the metabolic differences in these parasites, and a number of novel potential drug targets have been identified.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Subject
Multidisciplinary
Cited by
1474 articles.
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