Affiliation:
1. Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile.
Abstract
Addiction profoundly alters motivational circuits so that drugs become powerful reinforcers of behavior. The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is essential in drug craving and in the behavioral signs of malaise. We inactivated the primary interoceptive cortex in amphetamine-experienced rats, which prevented the urge to seek amphetamine in a place preference task. Interoceptive insula inactivation also blunted the signs of malaise induced by acute lithium administration. Drug-seeking and malaise both induced Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, in the insula. We conclude that the insular cortex is a key structure in the perception of bodily needs that provides direction to motivated behaviors.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Reference31 articles.
1. T. B. Baker, M. E. Piper, D. E. McCarthy, M. R. Majeskie, M. C. Fiore, Psychol. Rev.111, 33 (2004).
2. How do you feel? Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body
3. Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions
4. M. Contreras F. Ceric F. Torrealba presentation at the 36th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience Atlanta GA 16October2006 program no. 483.12/OO5.
5. A. Zangen, S. Ikemoto, J. E. Zadina, R. A. Wise, J. Neurosci.22, 7225 (2002).
Cited by
258 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献