Construction of a Vertebrate Embryo from Two Opposing Morphogen Gradients

Abstract

Designer Embryo Numerous signaling pathways have been implicated in controlling early vertebrate embryogenesis. P.-F. Xu et al. (p. 87 ) identify the minimal set of factors necessary to get uncommitted cells to organize a complete embryo. Two opposing gradients of the growth factors Nodal and Bone Morphogenetic Protein were sufficient to instruct zebrafish embryonic pluripotent cells to organize a complete embryo, not only in vivo but also in vitro. These findings may provide guidance for regenerative medicine studies aimed at constructing tissues and organs in vitro from cultured pluripotent cells.