A Memory Retrieval-Extinction Procedure to Prevent Drug Craving and Relapse

Author:

Xue Yan-Xue1,Luo Yi-Xiao1,Wu Ping1,Shi Hai-Shui12,Xue Li-Fen1,Chen Chen1,Zhu Wei-Li1,Ding Zeng-Bo1,Bao Yan-ping1,Shi Jie1,Epstein David H.3,Shaham Yavin3,Lu Lin1

Affiliation:

1. National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.

2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.

3. Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

Abstract

Disrupting Drug Memories In drug recovery programs, conditioned responses to drug cues can be inhibited by extinction protocols. However, extinguished behavioral responses can return after renewed exposure to the drug itself, or to drug-associated paraphernalia, and sometimes these responses reemerge spontaneously. Attempts have been made to disrupt cue-memory reconsolidation or to strengthen extinction learning, but these efforts have often relied on pharmacological agents that either are not approved for human use or cause problematic side effects. Xue et al. (p. 241 ; see the Perspective by Milton and Everitt ) have tried to circumvent the limitations of pharmacological approaches in daily retrieval trials conducted in rats within the short timeframe of the “reconsolidation window” before the extinction sessions reduced drug-induced reinstatement, spontaneous recovery, and renewal of drug seeking. When translated to heroin-addicted humans, similar retrieval trials before extinction sessions impaired cue-induced heroin craving up to 6 months later. This retrieval-extinction procedure is thus a promising non-pharmacological treatment for addiction.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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