Variability in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation Through a Glacial-Interglacial Cycle-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Variability in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation Through a Glacial-Interglacial Cycle

Published:2001-02-23 Issue:5508 Volume:291 Page:1511-1517
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Tudhope Alexander W.¹²,Chilcott Colin P.¹,McCulloch Malcolm T.³,Cook Edward R.⁴,Chappell John³,Ellam Robert M.⁵,Lea David W.⁶,Lough Janice M.²,Shimmield Graham B.⁷

Affiliation:

1. Department of Geology & Geophysics, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, EH9 3JW, UK.

2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland 4810, Australia.

3. Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.

4. Tree-Ring Laboratory, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, New York 10964, USA.

5. Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, East Kilbride, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK.

6. Department of Geological Sciences and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

7. Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll, PA34 4AD, UK.

Abstract

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most potent source of interannual climate variability. Uncertainty surrounding the impact of greenhouse warming on ENSO strength and frequency has stimulated efforts to develop a better understanding of the sensitivity of ENSO to climate change. Here we use annually banded corals from Papua New Guinea to show that ENSO has existed for the past 130,000 years, operating even during “glacial” times of substantially reduced regional and global temperature and changed solar forcing. However, we also find that during the 20th century ENSO has been strong compared with ENSO of previous cool (glacial) and warm (interglacial) times. The observed pattern of change in amplitude may be due to the combined effects of ENSO dampening during cool glacial conditions and ENSO forcing by precessional orbital variations.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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