mRNA-LNP HIV-1 trimer boosters elicit precursors to broad neutralizing antibodies

Author:

Xie Zhenfei1ORCID,Lin Ying-Cing1ORCID,Steichen Jon M.234ORCID,Ozorowski Gabriel345ORCID,Kratochvil Sven1ORCID,Ray Rashmi1ORCID,Torres Jonathan L.5ORCID,Liguori Alessia234ORCID,Kalyuzhniy Oleksandr234ORCID,Wang Xuesong1ORCID,Warner John E.1,Weldon Stephanie R.1ORCID,Dale Gordon A.1ORCID,Kirsch Kathrin H.1,Nair Usha1ORCID,Baboo Sabyasachi6ORCID,Georgeson Erik234ORCID,Adachi Yumiko234ORCID,Kubitz Michael234,Jackson Abigail M.5ORCID,Richey Sara T.5,Volk Reid M.5,Lee Jeong Hyun2345ORCID,Diedrich Jolene K.6ORCID,Prum Thavaleak1ORCID,Falcone Samantha7,Himansu Sunny7ORCID,Carfi Andrea7,Yates John R.6ORCID,Paulson James C.246ORCID,Sok Devin234ORCID,Ward Andrew B.345ORCID,Schief William R.12347ORCID,Batista Facundo D.18ORCID

Affiliation:

1. The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

2. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

3. IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

4. Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

5. Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

6. Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

7. Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

8. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Abstract

Germline-targeting (GT) HIV vaccine strategies are predicated on deriving broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) through multiple boost immunogens. However, as the recruitment of memory B cells (MBCs) to germinal centers (GCs) is inefficient and may be derailed by serum antibody–induced epitope masking, driving further B cell receptor (BCR) modification in GC-experienced B cells after boosting poses a challenge. Using humanized immunoglobulin knockin mice, we found that GT protein trimer immunogen N332-GT5 could prime inferred-germline precursors to the V3-glycan–targeted bnAb BG18 and that B cells primed by N332-GT5 were effectively boosted by either of two novel protein immunogens designed to have minimum cross-reactivity with the off-target V1-binding responses. The delivery of the prime and boost immunogens as messenger RNA lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) generated long-lasting GCs, somatic hypermutation, and affinity maturation and may be an effective tool in HIV vaccine development.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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