The Genome of the Western Clawed Frog Xenopus tropicalis

Author:

Hellsten Uffe1,Harland Richard M.2,Gilchrist Michael J.3,Hendrix David2,Jurka Jerzy4,Kapitonov Vladimir4,Ovcharenko Ivan5,Putnam Nicholas H.6,Shu Shengqiang1,Taher Leila5,Blitz Ira L.7,Blumberg Bruce7,Dichmann Darwin S.2,Dubchak Inna1,Amaya Enrique8,Detter John C.9,Fletcher Russell2,Gerhard Daniela S.10,Goodstein David1,Graves Tina11,Grigoriev Igor V.1,Grimwood Jane112,Kawashima Takeshi213,Lindquist Erika1,Lucas Susan M.1,Mead Paul E.14,Mitros Therese2,Ogino Hajime15,Ohta Yuko16,Poliakov Alexander V.1,Pollet Nicolas17,Robert Jacques18,Salamov Asaf1,Sater Amy K.19,Schmutz Jeremy112,Terry Astrid1,Vize Peter D.20,Warren Wesley C.11,Wells Dan19,Wills Andrea2,Wilson Richard K.11,Zimmerman Lyle B.21,Zorn Aaron M.22,Grainger Robert23,Grammer Timothy2,Khokha Mustafa K.24,Richardson Paul M.1,Rokhsar Daniel S.12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA.

2. Center for Integrative Genomics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

3. Division of Systems Biology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, London NW7 1AA, UK.

4. Genetic Information Research Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.

5. National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.

6. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.

7. Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, 4410 Natural Sciences Building 2, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA  92697–2300, USA.

8. The Healing Foundation Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.

9. DOE Joint Genome Institute, Los Alamos, National Laboratory, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA.

10. Office of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

11. Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.

12. Joint Genome Institute HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA.

13. Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, 12-22, Suzaki, Uruma, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan.

14. Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, D4047C, Mailstop 342, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.

15. Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, Japan.

16. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

17. Programme d’Epigénomique, CNRS, Genopole, Université d’Evry Val d’Essonne, F-91058 Evry, France.

18. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Box 672, University of Rochester, Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642,  USA.

19. Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX  77204–5001, USA.

20. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.

21. MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, UK.

22. Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.

23. Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, Post Office Box 400328, Charlottesville, VA 22904–4328, USA.

24. Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, Post Office Box 208064, New Haven, CT 06520–8064, USA.

Abstract

Frog Genome The African clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis is the first amphibian to have its genome sequenced. Hellsten et al. (p. 633 , see the cover) present an analysis of a draft assembly of the genome. The genome of the frog, which is an important model system for developmental biology, encodes over 20,000 protein-coding genes, of which more than 1700 genes have identified human disease associations. Detailed comparison of the content of protein-coding genes with other tetrapods—human and chicken—reveals extensive shared synteny, occasionally spanning entire chromosomes.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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