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2. Packard W. V., Sea-Trading: The Ships (Fairplay, Surrey, UK, 1984), vol. 1.
3. Osbourne A., Ed. in Modern Marine Engineer's Manual (Cornell Maritime Press, Centreville, MD, 1943), II.
4. Turpin E. A., McEwen W. A., Merchant Marine Officer's Handbook, ed. 4 (Cornell Maritime Press, Centreville, MD, 1965).
5. Ship Management Series;Ewart W. D.,1982