The Status of the World's Land and Marine Mammals: Diversity, Threat, and Knowledge
Author:
Schipper Jan12345, Chanson Janice S.12345, Chiozza Federica12345, Cox Neil A.12345, Hoffmann Michael12345, Katariya Vineet12345, Lamoreux John12345, Rodrigues Ana S. L.12345, Stuart Simon N.12345, Temple Helen J.12345, Baillie Jonathan12345, Boitani Luigi12345, Lacher Thomas E.12345, Mittermeier Russell A.12345, Smith Andrew T.12345, Absolon Daniel12345, Aguiar John M.12345, Amori Giovanni12345, Bakkour Noura12345, Baldi Ricardo12345, Berridge Richard J.12345, Bielby Jon12345, Black Patricia Ann12345, Blanc J. Julian12345, Brooks Thomas M.12345, Burton James A.12345, Butynski Thomas M.12345, Catullo Gianluca12345, Chapman Roselle12345, Cokeliss Zoe12345, Collen Ben12345, Conroy Jim12345, Cooke Justin G.12345, da Fonseca Gustavo A. B.12345, Derocher Andrew E.12345, Dublin Holly T.12345, Duckworth J. W.12345, Emmons Louise12345, Emslie Richard H.12345, Festa-Bianchet Marco12345, Foster Matt12345, Foster Sabrina12345, Garshelis David L.12345, Gates Cormack12345, Gimenez-Dixon Mariano12345, Gonzalez Susana12345, Gonzalez-Maya Jose Fernando12345, Good Tatjana C.12345, Hammerson Geoffrey12345, Hammond Philip S.12345, Happold David12345, Happold Meredith12345, Hare John12345, Harris Richard B.12345, Hawkins Clare E.12345, Haywood Mandy12345, Heaney Lawrence R.12345, Hedges Simon12345, Helgen Kristofer M.12345, Hilton-Taylor Craig12345, Hussain Syed Ainul12345, Ishii Nobuo12345, Jefferson Thomas A.12345, Jenkins Richard K. B.12345, Johnston Charlotte H.12345, Keith Mark12345, Kingdon Jonathan12345, Knox David H.12345, Kovacs Kit M.12345, Langhammer Penny12345, Leus Kristin12345, Lewison Rebecca12345, Lichtenstein Gabriela12345, Lowry Lloyd F.12345, Macavoy Zoe12345, Mace Georgina M.12345, Mallon David P.12345, Masi Monica12345, McKnight Meghan W.12345, MedelliÌn Rodrigo A.12345, Medici Patricia12345, Mills Gus12345, Moehlman Patricia D.12345, Molur Sanjay12345, Mora Arturo12345, Nowell Kristin12345, Oates John F.12345, Olech Wanda12345, Oliver William R. L.12345, Oprea Monik12345, Patterson Bruce D.12345, Perrin William F.12345, Polidoro Beth A.12345, Pollock Caroline12345, Powel Abigail12345, Protas Yelizaveta12345, Racey Paul12345, Ragle Jim12345, Ramani Pavithra12345, Rathbun Galen12345, Reeves Randall R.12345, Reilly Stephen B.12345, Reynolds John E.12345, Rondinini Carlo12345, Rosell-Ambal Ruth Grace12345, Rulli Monica12345, Rylands Anthony B.12345, Savini Simona12345, Schank Cody J.12345, Sechrest Wes12345, Self-Sullivan Caryn12345, Shoemaker Alan12345, Sillero-Zubiri Claudio12345, De Silva Naamal12345, Smith David E.12345, Srinivasulu Chelmala12345, Stephenson Peter J.12345, van Strien Nico12345, Talukdar Bibhab Kumar12345, Taylor Barbara L.12345, Timmins Rob12345, Tirira Diego G.12345, Tognelli Marcelo F.12345, Tsytsulina Katerina12345, Veiga Liza M.12345, VieÌ Jean-Christophe12345, Williamson Elizabeth A.12345, Wyatt Sarah A.12345, Xie Yan12345, Young Bruce E.12345
Affiliation:
1. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Programme, IUCN, 28 Rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland. 2. Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. 3. Department of Animal and Human Biology, Sapienza UniversitaÌ di Roma, Viale dell'UniversitaÌ 32, 00185 Roma, Italy. 4. Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. 5. Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK.
Abstract
Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Subject
Multidisciplinary
Cited by
1168 articles.
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