Electron Beams and Ion Composition Measured at Io and in Its Torus-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Electron Beams and Ion Composition Measured at Io and in Its Torus

Published:1996-10-18 Issue:5286 Volume:274 Page:401-403
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Williams D. J.¹,Mauk B. H.¹,McEntire R. E.¹,Roelof E. C.¹,Armstrong T. P.²,Wilken B.³,Roederer J. G.⁴,Krimigis S. M.¹,Fritz T. A.⁵,Lanzerotti L. J.⁶

Affiliation:

1. D. J. Williams, B. H. Mauk, R. E. McEntire, E. C. Roelof, S. M. Krimigis, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.

2. T. P. Armstrong, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KA 66045, USA.

3. B. Wilken, Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy, 37189 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany.

4. J. G. Roederer, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.

5. T. A. Fritz, Boston University, Center for Space Physics, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

6. L. J. Lanzerotti, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference10 articles.

1. Williams D. J., McEntire R. W., Jaskulek S., Wilken B., Space Sci. Rev. 60, 385 (1992). The EPD is designed to measure the spectra and angular distributions of electrons of energy >15 keV, ions of energy >20 keV, and ionic composition from protons through iron for energies >10 to 15 keV per nucleon. The low-energy magnetospheric measurement system (LEMMS) uses magnetic separation, coincidence techniques, and absorber foils to provide the ion and electron measurements. The Composition Measurement System (CMS) uses measurements of energy loss and total energy (ΔE × E) and time-of-flight techniques to provide the elemental species measurements. These two bidirectional detector heads, LEMMS and CMS, are mounted on a platform that can be rotated through 180° by a stepper motor. This motion coupled with the spacecraft spins allows for an angular coverage of 4π steradians.

2. Armstrong T. P., et al., J. Geophys. Res. 86, 8343 (1981);

3. Krimigis S. M. et al. ibid. p. 8227.

4. A Magnetic Signature at Io: Initial Report from the Galileo Magnetometer

5. Images of Excited H 3 + at the Foot of the Io Flux Tube in Jupiter's Atmosphere

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