Historical Warnings of Future Food Insecurity with Unprecedented Seasonal Heat

Author:

Battisti David. S.12,Naylor Rosamond L.12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–1640, USA.

2. Program on Food Security and the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305–6055, USA.

Abstract

Higher growing season temperatures can have dramatic impacts on agricultural productivity, farm incomes, and food security. We used observational data and output from 23 global climate models to show a high probability (>90%) that growing season temperatures in the tropics and subtropics by the end of the 21st century will exceed the most extreme seasonal temperatures recorded from 1900 to 2006. In temperate regions, the hottest seasons on record will represent the future norm in many locations. We used historical examples to illustrate the magnitude of damage to food systems caused by extreme seasonal heat and show that these short-run events could become long-term trends without sufficient investments in adaptation.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference23 articles.

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2. We approximated the main growing season to be summer in the extratropics. Hence north of the equator we used the three-month average temperature June through August (and for south of the equator we used December through February) periods that broadly capture growing season conditions for many crops.

3. IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Synthesis published online 17 November 2007 www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-syr.htm.

4. World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development 2007

5. W. Easterlinget al., in Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, M. Parry et al., Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2007), p. 976.

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