Fracture Propagation to the Base of the Greenland Ice Sheet During Supraglacial Lake Drainage

Author:

Das Sarah B.12345,Joughin Ian12345,Behn Mark D.12345,Howat Ian M.12345,King Matt A.12345,Lizarralde Dan12345,Bhatia Maya P.12345

Affiliation:

1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.

2. Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington, 1013 NE 40th Street, Seattle, WA 98105–6698, USA.

3. School of Earth Sciences and Byrd Polar Research Center, The Ohio State University, 1090 Carmack Road, Columbus, OH 43210–1002, USA.

4. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.

5. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.

Abstract

Surface meltwater that reaches the base of an ice sheet creates a mechanism for the rapid response of ice flow to climate change. The process whereby such a pathway is created through thick, cold ice has not, however, been previously observed. We describe the rapid (<2 hours) drainage of a large supraglacial lake down 980 meters through to the bed of the Greenland Ice Sheet initiated by water-driven fracture propagation evolving into moulin flow. Drainage coincided with increased seismicity, transient acceleration, ice-sheet uplift, and horizontal displacement. Subsidence and deceleration occurred over the subsequent 24 hours. The short-lived dynamic response suggests that an efficient drainage system dispersed the meltwater subglacially. The integrated effect of multiple lake drainages could explain the observed net regional summer ice speedup.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference17 articles.

1. Seasonal Speedup Along the Western Flank of the Greenland Ice Sheet

2. Surface Melt-Induced Acceleration of Greenland Ice-Sheet Flow

3. Fracture propagation as means of rapidly transferring surface meltwater to the base of glaciers

4. Ann. Glaciol. 2005 40

5. J. Weertman, in Symposium on the Hydrology of Glaciers, Cambridge, 7 to 13September 1969 (International Association of Hydrologic Sciences, Cambridge, 1973), pp. 139–145.

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