Lineages of Acidophilic Archaea Revealed by Community Genomic Analysis

Author:

Baker Brett J.123,Tyson Gene W.123,Webb Richard I.123,Flanagan Judith123,Hugenholtz Philip123,Allen Eric E.123,Banfield Jillian F.123

Affiliation:

1. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

2. Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

3. Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis and Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.

Abstract

Novel, low-abundance microbial species can be easily overlooked in standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based surveys. We used community genomic data obtained without PCR or cultivation to reconstruct DNA fragments bearing unusual 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein-coding genes from organisms belonging to novel archaeal lineages. The organisms are minor components of all biofilms growing in pH 0.5 to 1.5 solutions within the Richmond Mine, California. Probes specific for 16 S rRNA showed that the fraction less than 0.45 micrometers in diameter is dominated by these organisms. Transmission electron microscope images revealed that the cells are pleomorphic with unusual folded membrane protrusions and have apparent volumes of <0.006 cubic micrometer.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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