How Strong Is a Covalent Bond?-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

How Strong Is a Covalent Bond?

Published:1999-03-12 Issue:5408 Volume:283 Page:1727-1730
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Grandbois Michel¹,Beyer Martin²,Rief Matthias¹³,Clausen-Schaumann Hauke¹,Gaub Hermann E.¹

Affiliation:

1. Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Amalienstrasse 54, D-80799 München, Germany.

2. Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.

3. Department of Biochemistry B400, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305–5307, USA.

Abstract

The rupture force of single covalent bonds under an external load was measured with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Single polysaccharide molecules were covalently anchored between a surface and an AFM tip and then stretched until they became detached. By using different surface chemistries for the attachment, it was found that the silicon-carbon bond ruptured at 2.0 ± 0.3 nanonewtons, whereas the sulfur-gold anchor ruptured at 1.4 ± 0.3 nanonewtons at force-loading rates of 10 nanonewtons per second. Bond rupture probability calculations that were based on density functional theory corroborate the measured values.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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