Mantophasmatodea: A New Insect Order with Extant Members in the Afrotropics-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Mantophasmatodea: A New Insect Order with Extant Members in the Afrotropics

Published:2002-05-24 Issue:5572 Volume:296 Page:1456-1459
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Klass Klaus-D.¹²,Zompro Oliver³,Kristensen Niels P.¹,Adis Joachim³

Affiliation:

1. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

2. Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde, Königsbrücker Landstrasse 159, A.B. Meyer Bau, D-01109 Dresden, Germany.

3. Max-Planck-Institut für Limnologie, AG Tropenökologie, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, D-24306 Plön, Germany.

Abstract

A new insect order, Mantophasmatodea, is described on the basis of museum specimens of a new genus with two species: Mantophasma zephyra gen. et sp. nov. (one female from Namibia) and M. subsolana sp. nov. (one male from Tanzania). This is the first time since 1914 that a newly described extant insect taxon has proved unplaceable within a recognized order. Mantophasmatodeans are apterous carnivores. Their closest phylogenetic relationships may be to Grylloblattodea (ice-crawlers) and/or Phasmatodea (stick insects), but the morphological evidence is ambiguous. Raptophasma Zompro from Baltic amber is assigned to the Mantophasmatodea, revealing a wider previous range for the lineage.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference23 articles.

1. N. P. Kristensen in The Hierarchy of Life. Molecules and Morphology in Phylogenetic Analysis B. Fernholm K. Bremer H. Jörnvall Eds. (Elsevier Amsterdam 1989) pp. 295–306.

2. ___ in The Insects of Australia CSIRO Ed. (Melbourne Univ. Press Carlton ed. 2 1991) vol. 1 chap. 5.

3. Staniczek A. H., Zool. Anz. 239, 147 (2000).

4. In June 2001 J. Marshall (Natural History Museum London) showed O.Z. a male insect from Tanzania which had been submitted for an opinion 16 years ago. Shortly afterward O.Z. received from F. Kernegger a male Baltic-amber insect (subsequently described as Raptophasma kerneggeri ) whose close similarity to the Tanzania specimen was immediately obvious. In July 2001 O.Z. discovered in the unsorted alcohol collection of Phasmatodea in the Museum für Naturkunde (Berlin) an adult female of a similar insect from Namibia.

5. According to one school of thought among contemporary systematists the naming of higher taxa that only contain a single genus is “empty formalism”; we accept the logical merits of this stand. Pragmatically we believe however that any recognized genus should be assigned to a “family” and an “order ” because these categories play an important role in how biologists communicate and how biological knowledge is systematized.

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