Ancient hybridizations among the ancestral genomes of bread wheat
Author:
Marcussen Thomas1, Sandve Simen R.1, Heier Lise2, Spannagl Manuel3, Pfeifer Matthias3, Jakobsen Kjetill S.4, Wulff Brande B. H.5, Steuernagel Burkhard5, Mayer Klaus F. X.3, Olsen Odd-Arne1, Rogers Jane, Doležel Jaroslav, Pozniak Curtis, Eversole Kellye, Feuillet Catherine, Gill Bikram, Friebe Bernd, Lukaszewski Adam J., Sourdille Pierre, Endo Takashi R., Kubaláková Marie, Číhalíková Jarmila, Dubská Zdeňka, Vrána Jan, Šperková Romana, Šimková Hana, Febrer Melanie, Clissold Leah, McLay Kirsten, Singh Kuldeep, Chhuneja Parveen, Singh Nagendra K., Khurana Jitendra, Akhunov Eduard, Choulet Frédéric, Alberti Adriana, Barbe Valérie, Wincker Patrick, Kanamori Hiroyuki, Kobayashi Fuminori, Itoh Takeshi, Matsumoto Takashi, Sakai Hiroaki, Tanaka Tsuyoshi, Wu Jianzhong, Ogihara Yasunari, Handa Hirokazu, Maclachlan P. Ron, Sharpe Andrew, Klassen Darrin, Edwards David, Batley Jacqueline, Lien Sigbjørn, Caccamo Mario, Ayling Sarah, Ramirez-Gonzalez Ricardo H., Clavijo Bernardo J., Wright Jonathan, Martis Mihaela M., Mascher Martin, Chapman Jarrod, Poland Jesse A., Scholz Uwe, Barry Kerrie, Waugh Robbie, Rokhsar Daniel S., Muehlbauer Gary J., Stein Nils, Gundlach Heidrun, Zytnicki Matthias, Jamilloux Véronique, Quesneville Hadi, Wicker Thomas, Faccioli Primetta, Colaiacovo Moreno, Stanca Antonio Michele, Budak Hikmet, Cattivelli Luigi, Glover Natasha, Pingault Lise, Paux Etienne, Sharma Sapna, Appels Rudi, Bellgard Matthew, Chapman Brett, Nussbaumer Thomas, Bader Kai Christian, Rimbert Hélène, Wang Shichen, Knox Ron, Kilian Andrzej, Alaux Michael, Alfama Françoise, Couderc Loïc, Guilhot Nicolas, Viseux Claire, Loaec Mikaël, Keller Beat, Praud Sebastien,
Affiliation:
1. Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432 Ås, Norway. 2. Strømsveien 78 B, 0663 Oslo, Norway. 3. Plant Genome and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. 4. Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway. 5. The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
Abstract
The allohexaploid bread wheat genome consists of three closely related subgenomes (A, B, and D), but a clear understanding of their phylogenetic history has been lacking. We used genome assemblies of bread wheat and five diploid relatives to analyze genome-wide samples of gene trees, as well as to estimate evolutionary relatedness and divergence times. We show that the A and B genomes diverged from a common ancestor ~7 million years ago and that these genomes gave rise to the D genome through homoploid hybrid speciation 1 to 2 million years later. Our findings imply that the present-day bread wheat genome is a product of multiple rounds of hybrid speciation (homoploid and polyploid) and lay the foundation for a new framework for understanding the wheat genome as a multilevel phylogenetic mosaic.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Subject
Multidisciplinary
Cited by
617 articles.
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