How Fast Was Wild Wheat Domesticated?

Author:

Tanno Ken-ichi12,Willcox George12

Affiliation:

1. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Takashima 335, Kamigyo, 602-0878 Kyoto, Japan.

2. National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche 5133, Jalès, Berrias 07460, France.

Abstract

Prehistoric cultivation of wild wheat in the Fertile Crescent led to the selection of mutants with indehiscent (nonshattering) ears, which evolved into modern domestic wheat. Previous estimates suggested that this transformation was rapid, but our analyses of archaeological plant remains demonstrate that indehiscent domesticates were slow to appear, emerging ~9500 years before the present, and that dehiscent (shattering) forms were still common in cultivated fields ~7500 years before the present. Slow domestication implies that after cultivation began, wild cereals may have remained unchanged for a long period, supporting claims that agriculture originated in the Near East ~10,500 years before the present.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference9 articles.

1. All dates are in noncalibrated 14 C years before the present.

2. The Cradle of Agriculture

3. Measured domestication rates in wild wheats and barley under primitive cultivation, and their archaeological implications

4. Origin of annual crops by agro-evolution

5. The full set of data and references for the sites are available as supporting material on Science Online.

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