Influences of Dietary Uptake and Reactive Sulfides on Metal Bioavailability from Aquatic Sediments

Author:

Lee Byeong-Gweon1,Griscom Sarah B.2,Lee Jung-Suk3,Choi Heesun J.3,Koh Chul-Hwan3,Luoma Samuel N.1,Fisher Nicholas S.2

Affiliation:

1. U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Mail Stop 465, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.

2. Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.

3. Department of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea.

Abstract

Understanding how animals are exposed to the large repository of metal pollutants in aquatic sediments is complicated and is important in regulatory decisions. Experiments with four types of invertebrates showed that feeding behavior and dietary uptake control bioaccumulation of cadmium, silver, nickel, and zinc. Metal concentrations in animal tissue correlated with metal concentrations extracted from sediments, but not with metal in porewater, across a range of reactive sulfide concentrations, from 0.5 to 30 micromoles per gram. These results contradict the notion that metal bioavailability in sediments is controlled by geochemical equilibration of metals between porewater and reactive sulfides, a proposed basis for regulatory criteria for metals.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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5. AVS is defined as the molar concentration of sulfide liberated from wet sediments with cold weak acid treatment (typically 1 N HCl for 40 min). Extracted metal (EM) or simultaneously extracted metal (SEM) (2) is the concentration of metals simultaneously extracted with AVS. The affinity of metals to AVS follows the order Ag > Cu > Pb > Cd > Zn > Ni (1). In this paper when an individual metal is compared to AVS all metals with greater affinity for AVS than the metal of concern are defined as EM. For example when [EM − AVS] is considered for Cd the sum of extracted Ag Cu Pb and Cd defines EM. This accounts for the consumption of AVS by Ag Cu and Pb before formation of CdS (2).

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