Femtosecond symmetry breaking and coherent relaxation of methane cations via x-ray spectroscopy

Author:

Ridente Enrico12ORCID,Hait Diptarka12ORCID,Haugen Eric A.12ORCID,Ross Andrew D.12ORCID,Neumark Daniel M.12ORCID,Head-Gordon Martin12ORCID,Leone Stephen R.123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

2. Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

3. Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Abstract

Understanding the relaxation pathways of photoexcited molecules is essential to gain atomistic-level insight into photochemistry. We performed a time-resolved study of ultrafast molecular symmetry breaking through geometric relaxation (Jahn-Teller distortion) on the methane cation. Attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy with soft x-rays at the carbon K-edge revealed that the distortion occurred within 10 ± 2 femtoseconds after few-femtosecond strong-field ionization of methane. The distortion activated coherent oscillations in the asymmetric scissoring vibrational mode of the symmetry-broken cation, which were detected in the x-ray signal. These oscillations were damped within 58 ± 13 femtoseconds because vibrational coherence was lost with the energy redistributing into lower-frequency vibrational modes. This study completely reconstructs the molecular relaxation dynamics of this prototypical example and opens avenues for exploring complex systems.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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