Defining the KRAS- and ERK-dependent transcriptome in KRAS-mutant cancers

Author:

Klomp Jeffrey A.12ORCID,Klomp Jennifer E.1ORCID,Stalnecker Clint A.12ORCID,Bryant Kirsten L.12ORCID,Edwards A. Cole3,Drizyte-Miller Kristina1ORCID,Hibshman Priya S.3,Diehl J. Nathaniel4ORCID,Lee Ye S.2ORCID,Morales Alexis J.1ORCID,Taylor Khalilah E.1ORCID,Peng Sen5,Tran Nhan L.6,Herring Laura E.7ORCID,Prevatte Alex W.7,Barker Natalie K.7ORCID,Hover Laura D.8,Hallin Jill9ORCID,Chowdhury Saikat10ORCID,Coker Oluwadara10ORCID,Lee Hey Min10ORCID,Goodwin Craig M.1ORCID,Gautam Prson11ORCID,Olson Peter9ORCID,Christensen James G.9ORCID,Shen John P.10ORCID,Kopetz Scott10ORCID,Graves Lee M.12ORCID,Lim Kian-Huat12ORCID,Wang-Gillam Andrea12ORCID,Wennerberg Krister1113ORCID,Cox Adrienne D.12314ORCID,Der Channing J.1234ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

2. Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

3. Cell Biology and Physiology Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

4. Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

5. Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

6. Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.

7. Michael Hooker Proteomics Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

8. Monoceros Biosystems LLC, San Diego, CA 92130, USA.

9. Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

10. Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

11. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

12. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

13. Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

14. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

Abstract

How the KRAS oncogene drives cancer growth remains poorly understood. Therefore, we established a systemwide portrait of KRAS- and extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK)–dependent gene transcription in KRAS-mutant cancer to delineate the molecular mechanisms of growth and of inhibitor resistance. Unexpectedly, our KRAS-dependent gene signature diverges substantially from the frequently cited Hallmark KRAS signaling gene signature, is driven predominantly through the ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, and accurately reflects KRAS- and ERK-regulated gene transcription in KRAS-mutant cancer patients. Integration with our ERK-regulated phospho- and total proteome highlights ERK deregulation of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and other components of the cell cycle machinery as key processes that drive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) growth. Our findings elucidate mechanistically the critical role of ERK in driving KRAS-mutant tumor growth and in resistance to KRAS-ERK MAPK targeted therapies.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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