Ancient Rome: A genetic crossroads of Europe and the Mediterranean

Author:

Antonio Margaret L.1ORCID,Gao Ziyue23ORCID,Moots Hannah M.4ORCID,Lucci Michaela5,Candilio Francesca67ORCID,Sawyer Susanna8,Oberreiter Victoria8ORCID,Calderon Diego1ORCID,Devitofranceschi Katharina8ORCID,Aikens Rachael C.1ORCID,Aneli Serena9ORCID,Bartoli Fulvio10,Bedini Alessandro11,Cheronet Olivia8ORCID,Cotter Daniel J.3ORCID,Fernandes Daniel M.812ORCID,Gasperetti Gabriella13,Grifoni Renata14,Guidi Alessandro15,La Pastina Francesco7,Loreti Ersilia16,Manacorda Daniele17ORCID,Matullo Giuseppe9ORCID,Morretta Simona18,Nava Alessia519ORCID,Fiocchi Nicolai Vincenzo20,Nomi Federico15,Pavolini Carlo21,Pentiricci Massimo16,Pergola Philippe22,Piranomonte Marina18,Schmidt Ryan23,Spinola Giandomenico24,Sperduti Alessandra1925ORCID,Rubini Mauro2627ORCID,Bondioli Luca19ORCID,Coppa Alfredo7ORCID,Pinhasi Ron8ORCID,Pritchard Jonathan K.2327ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Program in Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

2. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

3. Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

4. Stanford University, Department of Anthropology, Stanford, CA, USA.

5. DANTE Laboratory for the study of Diet and Ancient Technology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.

6. School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

7. Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.

8. Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

9. Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.

10. Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

11. Ministero dei Beni e delle Attività Culturali (retired), Rome, Italy.

12. CIAS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

13. Soprintendenza Archeologia, belle arti e paesaggio per le province di Sassari e Nuoro, Sassari, Italy.

14. Dipartimento di Civiltà e Forme del Sapere, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

15. Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università degli Studi di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.

16. Curatore beni culturali presso la Sovrintendenza Capitolina, Rome, Italy.

17. Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici Università degli Studi di Roma Tre, Rome, Italy.

18. Soprintendenza Speciale Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio di Roma, Rome, Italy.

19. Servizio di Bioarcheologia, Museo delle Civiltà, Rome, Italy.

20. Christian and Medieval Archaeology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.

21. Università della Tuscia, DISUCOM Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, della Comunicazione e del Turismo, Viterbo, Italy.

22. Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

23. University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

24. Musei Vaticani, Reparto Antichità Greche e Romane, Vatican City.

25. Dipartimento di Archeologia, Università di Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

26. SABAP-LAZ Ministero dei Beni e delle Attività Culturali, Rome, Italy.

27. Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Abstract

A 10,000-year transect of Roman populations Rome wasn't built (or settled) in a day. Antonio et al. performed an ancestral DNA analysis to investigate the genetic changes that occurred in Rome and central Italy from the Mesolithic into modern times. By examining 127 Roman genomes and their archaeological context, the authors demonstrate a major ancestry shift in the Neolithic between hunter gatherers and farmers. A second ancestry shift is observed in the Bronze Age, likely coinciding with trade and an increased movement of populations. Genetic changes track the historical changes occurring in Rome and reflect gene flow from across the Mediterranean, Europe, and North Africa over time. Science , this issue p. 708

Funder

National Science Foundation

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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