The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Author:

Sodergren Erica12345,Weinstock George M.12345,Davidson Eric H12345,Cameron R. Andrew12345,Gibbs Richard A.12345,Angerer Robert C.12345,Angerer Lynne M.12345,Arnone Maria Ina12345,Burgess David R.12345,Burke Robert D.12345,Coffman James A.12345,Dean Michael12345,Elphick Maurice R.12345,Ettensohn Charles A.12345,Foltz Kathy R.12345,Hamdoun Amro12345,Hynes Richard O.12345,Klein William H.12345,Marzluff William12345,McClay David R.12345,Morris Robert L.12345,Mushegian Arcady12345,Rast Jonathan P.12345,Smith L. Courtney12345,Thorndyke Michael C.12345,Vacquier Victor D.12345,Wessel Gary M.12345,Wray Greg12345,Zhang Lan12345,Elsik Christine G.12345,Ermolaeva Olga12345,Hlavina Wratko12345,Hofmann Gretchen12345,Kitts Paul12345,Landrum Melissa J.12345,Mackey Aaron J.12345,Maglott Donna12345,Panopoulou Georgia12345,Poustka Albert J.12345,Pruitt Kim12345,Sapojnikov Victor12345,Song Xingzhi12345,Souvorov Alexandre12345,Solovyev Victor12345,Wei Zheng12345,Whittaker Charles A.12345,Worley Kim12345,Durbin K. James12345,Shen Yufeng12345,Fedrigo Olivier12345,Garfield David12345,Haygood Ralph12345,Primus Alexander12345,Satija Rahul12345,Severson Tonya12345,Gonzalez-Garay Manuel L.12345,Jackson Andrew R.12345,Milosavljevic Aleksandar12345,Tong Mark12345,Killian Christopher E.12345,Livingston Brian T.12345,Wilt Fred H.12345,Adams Nikki12345,Bellé Robert12345,Carbonneau Seth12345,Cheung Rocky12345,Cormier Patrick12345,Cosson Bertrand12345,Croce Jenifer12345,Fernandez-Guerra Antonio12345,Genevière Anne-Marie12345,Goel Manisha12345,Kelkar Hemant12345,Morales Julia12345,Mulner-Lorillon Odile12345,Robertson Anthony J.12345,Goldstone Jared V.12345,Cole Bryan12345,Epel David12345,Gold Bert12345,Hahn Mark E.12345,Howard-Ashby Meredith12345,Scally Mark12345,Stegeman John J.12345,Allgood Erin L.12345,Cool Jonah12345,Judkins Kyle M.12345,McCafferty Shawn S.12345,Musante Ashlan M.12345,Obar Robert A.12345,Rawson Amanda P.12345,Rossetti Blair J.12345,Gibbons Ian R.12345,Hoffman Matthew P.12345,Leone Andrew12345,Istrail Sorin12345,Materna Stefan C.12345,Samanta Manoj P.12345,Stolc Viktor12345,Tongprasit Waraporn12345,Tu Qiang12345,Bergeron Karl-Frederik12345,Brandhorst Bruce P.12345,Whittle James12345,Berney Kevin12345,Bottjer David J.12345,Calestani Cristina12345,Peterson Kevin12345,Chow Elly12345,Yuan Qiu Autumn12345,Elhaik Eran12345,Graur Dan12345,Reese Justin T.12345,Bosdet Ian12345,Heesun Shin12345,Marra Marco A.12345,Schein Jacqueline12345,Anderson Michele K.12345,Brockton Virginia12345,Buckley Katherine M.12345,Cohen Avis H.12345,Fugmann Sebastian D.12345,Hibino Taku12345,Loza-Coll Mariano12345,Majeske Audrey J.12345,Messier Cynthia12345,Nair Sham V.12345,Pancer Zeev12345,Terwilliger David P.12345,Agca Cavit12345,Arboleda Enrique12345,Chen Nansheng12345,Churcher Allison M.12345,Hallböök F.12345,Humphrey Glen W.12345,Idris Mohammed M.12345,Kiyama Takae12345,Liang Shuguang12345,Mellott Dan12345,Mu Xiuqian12345,Murray Greg12345,Olinski Robert P.12345,Raible Florian12345,Rowe Matthew12345,Taylor John S.12345,Tessmar-Raible Kristin12345,Wang D.12345,Wilson Karen H.12345,Yaguchi Shunsuke12345,Gaasterland Terry12345,Galindo Blanca E.12345,Gunaratne Herath J.12345,Juliano Celina12345,Kinukawa Masashi12345,Moy Gary W.12345,Neill Anna T.12345,Nomura Mamoru12345,Raisch Michael12345,Reade Anna12345,Roux Michelle M.12345,Song Jia L.12345,Su Yi-Hsien12345,Townley Ian K.12345,Voronina Ekaterina12345,Wong Julian L.12345,Amore Gabriele12345,Branno Margherita12345,Brown Euan R.12345,Cavalieri Vincenzo12345,Duboc Véronique12345,Duloquin Louise12345,Flytzanis Constantin12345,Gache Christian12345,Lapraz François12345,Lepage Thierry12345,Locascio Annamaria12345,Martinez Pedro12345,Matassi Giorgio12345,Matranga Valeria12345,Range Ryan12345,Rizzo Francesca12345,Röttinger Eric12345,Beane Wendy12345,Bradham Cynthia12345,Byrum Christine12345,Glenn Tom12345,Hussain Sofia12345,Manning Gerard12345,Miranda Esther12345,Thomason Rebecca12345,Walton Katherine12345,Wikramanayke Athula12345,Wu Shu-Yu12345,Xu Ronghui12345,Brown C. Titus12345,Chen Lili12345,Gray Rachel F.12345,Lee Pei Yun12345,Nam Jongmin12345,Oliveri Paola12345,Smith Joel12345,Muzny Donna12345,Bell Stephanie12345,Chacko Joseph12345,Cree Andrew12345,Curry Stacey12345,Davis Clay12345,Dinh Huyen12345,Dugan-Rocha Shannon12345,Fowler Jerry12345,Gill Rachel12345,Hamilton Cerrissa12345,Hernandez Judith12345,Hines Sandra12345,Hume Jennifer12345,Jackson LaRonda12345,Jolivet Angela12345,Kovar Christie12345,Lee Sandra12345,Lewis Lora12345,Miner George12345,Morgan Margaret12345,Nazareth Lynne V.12345,Okwuonu Geoffrey12345,Parker David12345,Pu Ling-Ling12345,Thorn Rachel12345,Wright Rita12345

Affiliation:

1. Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

2. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

3. Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

4. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

5. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.

Abstract

We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus , a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing strategy combined whole-genome shotgun and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences. This use of BAC clones, aided by a pooling strategy, overcame difficulties associated with high heterozygosity of the genome. The genome encodes about 23,300 genes, including many previously thought to be vertebrate innovations or known only outside the deuterostomes. This echinoderm genome provides an evolutionary outgroup for the chordates and yields insights into the evolution of deuterostomes.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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