Haploid Genetic Screens in Human Cells Identify Host Factors Used by Pathogens

Author:

Carette Jan E.1,Guimaraes Carla P.1,Varadarajan Malini1,Park Annie S.1,Wuethrich Irene1,Godarova Alzbeta1,Kotecki Maciej2,Cochran Brent H.2,Spooner Eric1,Ploegh Hidde L.13,Brummelkamp Thijn R.1

Affiliation:

1. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

2. Department of Physiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

3. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Abstract

“Haploid Human” Genetic screens can provide direct insight into biological processes that are poorly understood. Carette et al. (p. 1231 ) describe genetic screens using large-scale gene disruption in human cells haploid for all chromosomes except for chromosome 8. One screen was used to identify host factors essential for the activity of cytolethal distending toxin, a toxin found in several pathogenic bacteria. Another screen identified host gene products essential for infection with influenza, and an additional screen revealed genes required for the action of adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP)–ribosylating bacterial toxins. This loss-of-function genetic approach in mammalian cells will be widely applicable to study a variety of biological processes and cellular functions.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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