Group 3 innate lymphoid cells mediate intestinal selection of commensal bacteria–specific CD4 + T cells

Author:

Hepworth Matthew R.1,Fung Thomas C.12,Masur Samuel H.3,Kelsen Judith R.3,McConnell Fiona M.4,Dubrot Juan5,Withers David R.4,Hugues Stephanie5,Farrar Michael A.6,Reith Walter5,Eberl Gérard7,Baldassano Robert N.3,Laufer Terri M.28,Elson Charles O.9,Sonnenberg Gregory F.1

Affiliation:

1. Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.

2. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

3. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

4. Medical Research Council, Centre for Immune Regulation, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

5. Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.

6. Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, MN, USA.

7. Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment and Immunity Unit, Paris, France.

8. Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

9. Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Abstract

Innate lymphoid cells keep gut T cells in check Trillions of bacteria inhabit our guts. So do many types of immune cells, including T cells, which might be expected to attack these bacteria. How, then, do our bodies manage to keep the peace? Working in mice, Hepworth et al. report one such mechanism. A population of immune cells, called innate lymphoid cells, directly killed CD4 + T cells that react to commensal gut microbes. Some of the specifics of this process parallel how the immune system keeps developing self-reactive T cells in check in the thymus. Furthermore, this peacekeeping process may be disrupted in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Science , this issue p. 1031

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Wellcome Trust

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mucosal Immunology Studies Team

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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