A cell atlas of human thymic development defines T cell repertoire formation

Author:

Park Jong-Eun1ORCID,Botting Rachel A.2ORCID,Domínguez Conde Cecilia1ORCID,Popescu Dorin-Mirel2,Lavaert Marieke34ORCID,Kunz Daniel J.156ORCID,Goh Issac2ORCID,Stephenson Emily2ORCID,Ragazzini Roberta78,Tuck Elizabeth1ORCID,Wilbrey-Clark Anna1,Roberts Kenny1ORCID,Kedlian Veronika R.1ORCID,Ferdinand John R.9ORCID,He Xiaoling10,Webb Simone2ORCID,Maunder Daniel2,Vandamme Niels1112ORCID,Mahbubani Krishnaa T.13ORCID,Polanski Krzysztof1ORCID,Mamanova Lira1ORCID,Bolt Liam1ORCID,Crossland David214,de Rita Fabrizio14ORCID,Fuller Andrew2,Filby Andrew2,Reynolds Gary2ORCID,Dixon David2ORCID,Saeb-Parsy Kourosh13ORCID,Lisgo Steven2ORCID,Henderson Deborah2ORCID,Vento-Tormo Roser1ORCID,Bayraktar Omer A.1,Barker Roger A.1015ORCID,Meyer Kerstin B.1ORCID,Saeys Yvan1112ORCID,Bonfanti Paola7816,Behjati Sam117ORCID,Clatworthy Menna R.1918ORCID,Taghon Tom34ORCID,Haniffa Muzlifah1219ORCID,Teichmann Sarah A.15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.

2. Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.

3. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

4. Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

5. Theory of Condensed Matter Group, Cavendish Laboratory/Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.

6. Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

7. Epithelial Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.

8. Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

9. Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.

10. John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0PY, UK.

11. Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.

12. Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

13. Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.

14. Department of Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Paediatric Cardiology/Cardiothoracic Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4LP, UK.

15. WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK.

16. Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, UK.

17. Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK.

18. Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.

19. Department of Dermatology and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4LP, UK.

Abstract

Thymus development, cell by cell The human thymus is the organ responsible for the maturation of many types of T cells, which are immune cells that protect us from infection. However, it is not well known how these cells develop with a full immune complement that contains the necessary variation to protect us from a variety of pathogens. By performing single-cell RNA sequencing on more than 250,000 cells, Park et al. examined the changes that occur in the thymus over the course of a human life. They found that development occurs in a coordinated manner among immune cells and with their developmental microenvironment. These data allowed for the creation of models of how T cells with different specific immune functions develop in humans. Science , this issue p. eaay3224

Funder

European Molecular Biology Organization

Wellcome

Medical Research Council

European Research Council

Research Foundation Flanders

Ghent University

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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