Origin of the West Nile Virus Responsible for an Outbreak of Encephalitis in the Northeastern United States-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Origin of the West Nile Virus Responsible for an Outbreak of Encephalitis in the Northeastern United States

Published:1999-12-17 Issue:5448 Volume:286 Page:2333-2337
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Lanciotti R. S.¹,Roehrig J. T.¹,Deubel V.²,Smith J.³,Parker M.³,Steele K.³,Crise B.³,Volpe K. E.¹,Crabtree M. B.¹,Scherret J. H.⁴,Hall R. A.⁴,MacKenzie J. S.⁴,Cropp C. B.¹,Panigrahy B.⁵,Ostlund E.⁵,Schmitt B.⁵,Malkinson M.⁶,Banet C.⁶,Weissman J.⁶,Komar N.¹,Savage H. M.¹,Stone W.⁷,McNamara T.⁸,Gubler D. J.¹

Affiliation:

1. Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA.

2. Unité des Arbovirus et Virus des Fièvres Hémorragiques, Institut Pasteur–Paris, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.

3. Divisions of Virology and Pathology, Virology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.

4. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.

5. National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA.

6. Division of Avian Diseases, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit-Dagon 50250, Israel.

7. Wildlife Pathology Unit, Division of Fish, Wildlife and Marine Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Delmar, NY 12054, USA.

8. Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY 10460, USA.

Abstract

In late summer 1999, an outbreak of human encephalitis occurred in the northeastern United States that was concurrent with extensive mortality in crows ( Corvus species) as well as the deaths of several exotic birds at a zoological park in the same area. Complete genome sequencing of a flavivirus isolated from the brain of a dead Chilean flamingo ( Phoenicopterus chilensis ), together with partial sequence analysis of envelope glycoprotein (E-glycoprotein) genes amplified from several other species including mosquitoes and two fatal human cases, revealed that West Nile (WN) virus circulated in natural transmission cycles and was responsible for the human disease. Antigenic mapping with E-glycoprotein–specific monoclonal antibodies and E-glycoprotein phylogenetic analysis confirmed these viruses as WN. This North American WN virus was most closely related to a WN virus isolated from a dead goose in Israel in 1998.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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