Droughts and societal change: The environmental context for the emergence of Islam in late Antique Arabia-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Droughts and societal change: The environmental context for the emergence of Islam in late Antique Arabia

Published:2022-06-17 Issue:6599 Volume:376 Page:1317-1321
ISSN:0036-8075
Container-title:Science
language:en
Short-container-title:Science

Author:

Fleitmann Dominik¹^ORCID,Haldon John²^ORCID,Bradley Raymond S.³^ORCID,Burns Stephen J.³^ORCID,Cheng Hai⁴⁵⁶^ORCID,Edwards R. Lawrence⁷^ORCID,Raible Christoph C.⁸⁹,Jacobson Matthew¹⁰^ORCID,Matter Albert¹¹^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4054 Basel, Switzerland.

2. Department of History, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.

3. Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.

4. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiatong University, Xi’an 710054, China.

5. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China.

6. Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR, Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China.

7. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

8. Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

9. Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

10. Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AB, UK.

11. Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.

Abstract

In Arabia, the first half of the sixth century CE was marked by the demise of Himyar, the dominant power in Arabia until 525 CE. Important social and political changes followed, which promoted the disintegration of the major Arabian polities. Here, we present hydroclimate records from around Southern Arabia, including a new high-resolution stalagmite record from northern Oman. These records clearly indicate unprecedented droughts during the sixth century CE, with the most severe aridity persisting between ~500 and 530 CE. We suggest that such droughts undermined the resilience of Himyar and thereby contributed to the societal changes from which Islam emerged.

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference58 articles.

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