Analysis of physical therapy application in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (literature review)

Abstract

The aim – theoretical review of the use of physical therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The problem of restoring the health of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (GLL) is due to the increased incidence of cancer, the duration of special treatment and the development of complications and comorbidities. The main complaints are fatigue, pain, muscle weakness, decreased mobility and endurance, depression, anxiety, mood swings. Pathology of the musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract and endocrine system occur with equal frequency. Today, the main expected therapeutic effect in pediatric oncology should be considered not only the clinical recovery of patients, but also their return to the previous social position in the family, school and community, the restoration of physical, psychological and social health. The problem of physical therapy of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was studied by many scientists. According to the literature, physical exercises reduce the fatigue associated with the tumor process, improving the functional capacity of the body and increasing metabolism. There is a positive effect of exercise on muscle strength and flexibility, but there are ambiguous conclusions from different authors on the effect of exercise on cardio-respiratory function in the course of maintenance therapy in children with GLL who have cancer fatigue. Conclusions. An important area of physical therapy in oncology is the use of dosed physical activity, which, according to many researchers, increases the effectiveness of treatment. Recently, the prevailing opinion is that regular physical activity is safe and can have potential benefits for the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory and immune systems of pediatric patients with hematological diseases.