Current trends in diagnostic and treatment tactics in patients with strangulated ventral hernias

Abstract

The aim of the work. To analyze the world achievements in modern diagnostic and treatment tactics in patients with strangulated ventral hernias, as well as to outline promising and pragmatic directions for further research. The literature review presents current trends and views on the choice of individual components of the integrated diagnostic approach in patients with strangulated ventral hernias, and focuses on various principles of therapeutic tactics. The need to further improve the examination methods of abdominal organs, anterior abdominal wall, hernia contents (polypositional roentgenoscopy or roentgenography, ultrasound, CT, MRI) is emphasized and prospects of allohernioplasty and videolaparoscopic technologies with an integrated approach in choosing the method for correction or reconstruction of abdominal wall depending on the prognostic risk factors of postoperative complications are substantiated. Comparison of individual priorities of planned hernia surgery provided the opportunity to define the main directions in terms of urgent medical treatment features for patients with strangulated ventral hernias, taking into account a phasal nature of the pathological process and the availability and applicability of various synthetic implants. The literature analysis allowed for enough critical evaluation of the current state of tension-free allohernioplasty – the main fundamental principle of modern urgent surgery for ventral hernias and determining the main pragmatic directions of a selective approach in choosing the therapeutic tactics for patients with infected surgical wound. Conclusions. Urgent surgery of strangulated ventral hernias requires adequate and timely provision of individual and differentiated approaches in choosing the volume and method of surgery. Improvement of methods for predicting and preventing complications in patients with strangulated ventral hernias will expand the indications for the use of advanced types of tension-free hernioplasty.