Study of the capillary blood flow of the mucous membrane of the peri-implant area by laser Doppler flowmetry

Abstract

Aim: to conduct a clinical analysis of the capillary blood flow of the mucous membrane of the peri-implant zone using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), as well as a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the implanted structure with a surface, modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNP). Materials and methods. The study involved 40 patients undergoing rehabilitation for secondary partial adentia by the method of dental implantation. The examinees were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (20 patients) – gingival formers with a surface modified by plasma electrooxidation and doped with AgNP were installed; Group 2 (20 patients) – standard gingival formers of the used implant system with a polished surface were installed. A control group (20 patients) was formed to determine the reference values. In total, 60 patients were involved in the study. Blood flow velocity in the studied groups was determined by laser Doppler flowmetry. Results. On the 10th day, when using gingival formers with a surface containing AgNP, a positive trend with increasing the blood flow rate of the mucous membrane of the peri-implant zone (6.97 mm/s) is determined, in contrast of using the gingival formers with a polished surface (5.425 mm/s). In the process of using the gum formers with a surface containing AgNPs, an increase in capillary blood flow rate (by 22.2 %) in a separate location is evidence of a reduction in inflammatory processes and a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the AgNP surface. Conclusions. Higher (by 22.2 %) indicators of capillary blood flow rate of the mucous membrane of the peri-implant zone in patients using gingival formers containing AgNP, compared to polished formers, indicates a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the proposed AgNP-doped surface. The values obtained in the group with AgNPs are as close as possible to the reference indicators of the blood flow rate in the capillary channel of the marginal gingiva of healthy people, which suggests the presence of a pronounced antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles on the surface of the gingival formers. Since blood flow in tissues is directly related to oxygenation of cells, reduction of local acidosis, reduction of inflammatory reactions and determines the state of tissue immunity, as well as directly affects the quality of reparative processes in damaged tissue, the obtained results allow recommending the proposed AgNP – surface for use in clinical practice.