Factors of QTc interval prolongation in patients with arterial hypertension

Abstract

The relevance of determining the factors of the prolonged QTc interval development in patients with arterial hypertension is high, as it solves the issue of preliminary diagnosis among patients from risk groups and allows adjusting the diagnostic and therapeutic tactics of managing such patients. Aim: to determine factors for the development of prolonged average daily QTc interval in patients with arterial hypertension. Materials and methods. The study included 195 patients with arterial hypertension, who were divided into 2 subgroups: 175 individuals with a normal average daily duration of the QTc interval and 20 patients with a prolonged average daily duration of the QTc interval. All the patients underwent 24-hour heart rate monitoring and determination of blood pressure variability. At the stage of involving patients in the study, the following were performed: anamnesis collection and determination of physical data (estimation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Results. The study has revealed risk factors of daily QTc interval prolongation in hypertensive patients with further developing a prognostic model with high sensitivity (88.9 %) and specificity (70.6 %). Prolongation of QTc in patients with hypertension was associated with such parameters: male sex (OR = 4.292 [95.0 % CI 1.337–13.779], Р = 0.014), body mass index (OR = 1.107 [95.0 % CI 0.987–1.243], Р = 0.083), mean 24-hour diastolic (OR = 1.076 [95.0 % CI 1.017–1.139], Р = 0.011) and pulse blood pressure (OR = 1.075 [95.0 % CІ 1.012–1.141], Р = 0.018), time since hypertension was diagnosed (OR = 1.093 [95.0 % CI 0.997–1.197], Р = 0.057) and office pulse blood pressure (OR = 0.948 [95.0 % CІ 0.900–0.999], Р = 0.046). Conclusions. The study has determined risk factors of developing a prolonged average daily QTc interval in patients with hypertension, which will allow correcting diagnostic and treatment tactics of management for patients from risk groups.