The risk of developing cardiovascular complications in employees who operate and maintain communication facilities based on wired and wireless technologies

Abstract

Introduction. Heart disease has remained the leading cause of death in the world for the past 20 years. The development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, along with genetic, somatic, behavioral, socioeconomic, environmental, and other risk factors, are significantly affected by unfavorable industrial and professional aspects: physical-vibration, noise, temperature disturbance; ergonomic - inactivity, and monotonous work, physical overstrain, chemical, biological, stress, etc. The primary pathogenetic mechanism leading to the development of CHD and fatal complications - myocardial infarction, strokes, thrombosis, and other diseases of the cardiovascular system is atherosclerosis. The study aimed to assess the risk of developing cardiovascular complications in employees who operate and maintain communication facilities based on wired and wireless technologies Materials and methods. An in-depth examination of the health status of 50 employees of the service for the operation of radio equipment and communications was conducted. Blood serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL were determined, and the atherogenicity index was calculated. The probability of total risk of cardiovascular complications and five-year cardiovascular risk was calculated for all the examined patients according to the European SCORE scale and the ASCORE rating scale. The "Vascular age" was also calculated. Results. Based on the analysis of lipid metabolism indicators, a high cardiovascular risk was identified in 40% of the examined patients. Increased values of the atherogenicity index were already observed in middle-aged people (45-60 years). Analysis of the data obtained using the SCORE and ASCORE assessment scales revealed a high risk of developing cardiovascular complications in middle-aged (45-60 years) and elderly (61-74 years) individuals. The excess of the vascular age in comparison with the real (passport) age was established in middle-aged (45-60 years) and elderly (61-74 years) individuals, on average, 7 (p<0.001) and 5 (p=0.026) years, respectively. Conclusion. The most pronounced changes in lipid metabolism and the risk of cardiovascular risk were in people of the most working age (45-60). In this regard, it is necessary to develop preventive measures aimed at cardioscreening to detect early signs of health disorders, prevent the development of cardiovascular complications, and the formation of groups at increased risk of diseases.