Occupational stress in teaching and medical workers and its prevention

Abstract

In modern conditions, an important task of occupational medicine remains to study the physiological features of the formation of occupational stress with an assessment of the impact of adverse stress factors of varying intensity and duration on the body of pedagogical and medical workers. The study aims to conduct a physiological and hygienic assessment of the resistance to stress and physiological reactions of the employee's body to the effects of neuropsychiatric stress for the scientifically based development of a system of measures aimed at preserving health and optimizing professional activity of pedagogical and medical workers. The authors conducted a hygienic assessment of working conditions in educational institutions of St. Petersburg, lifestyle based on the results of a survey of teachers (a total of 116,256 pieces of information), the health status of teachers according to medical examination data (418 teachers) and questionnaires (346 respondents). Physiological and hygienic studies of the work of nurses, pediatric surgeons and medical workers employed in the covid hospital included a quantitative assessment of stress resistance using a new methodological approach. Specialists examined 130 people, carried out 1194 measurements of psychophysiological indicators. The authors performed static data processing using sets of statistical programs EpiInfo 3.5.2., Statistica 10, Microsoft Excel 2010. Pedagogical and medical workers of intellectual labor with a pronounced component of interpersonal communication revealed a high level of nervous and emotional tension, which correlates with a high degree of reliability with physiological shifts and an indicator of resistance to stress. Specialists conducted a study of the prevalence of chronic diseases among teachers, which revealed the predominance of diseases of the circulatory system in the structure of morbidity, also implemented and tested a set of physical culture and wellness activities. As a result of the data analysis, it was found that insufficient resistance to stress, a low level of physical fitness (fitness) form pronounced changes in the parameters of cardiodynamics in teachers. According to the results of the study, scientists have developed a system of health-saving behavior of pedagogical and medical workers, universal for educational and medical organizations. Limitations. There are quantitative restrictions due to the number of medical staff of the covid hospital. Ethics. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of MT" (Protocol No. 4 of 04/14/2021)