Implicit Attitudes towards Homosexuality: Reliability, Validity, and Controllability of the IAT

Author:

Banse Rainer1,Seise Jan1,Zerbes Nikola1

Affiliation:

1. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

Abstract

Abstract. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of an Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ) that was adapted to measure implicit attitudes towards homosexuality. In a first experiment, the validity of the Homosexuality-IAT was tested using a known group approach. Implicit and explicit attitudes were assessed in heterosexual and homosexual men and women (N = 101). The results provided compelling evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity of the Homosexuality-IAT as a measure of implicit attitudes. No evidence was found for two alternative explanations of IAT effects (familiarity with stimulus material and stereotype knowledge). The internal consistency of IAT scores was satisfactory (αs > .80), but retest correlations were lower. In a second experiment (N = 79) it was shown that uninformed participants were able to fake positive explicit but not implicit attitudes. Discrepancies between implicit and explicit attitudes towards homosexuality could be partially accounted for by individual differences in the motivation to control prejudiced behavior, thus providing independent evidence for the validity of the implicit attitude measure. Neither explicit nor implicit attitudes could be changed by persuasive messages. The results of both experiments are interpreted as evidence for a single construct account of implicit and explicit attitudes towards homosexuality.

Publisher

Hogrefe Publishing Group

Subject

General Psychology,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,General Medicine

Reference32 articles.

1. Automatic Evaluation of Self and Significant Others: Affective Priming in Close Relationships

2. Banse, R.(2000). Implicit attitudes towards romantic partners and ex-partners: A test of the reliability and validity of the IAT.. Manuscript submitted for publication.

3. Banse, R., Gawronski, B.(2001). Skalen zur Erfassung der Motivation zur Kontrolle vorurteilsvollen Verhaltens . [Scales for assessing the motivation to control prejudiced behavior]. Unpublished manuscript. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.

4. Bargh, J. A.(1999). The cognitive monster: The case against the controllability of automatic stereotype effects. In S. Chaiken & Y. Trope, Dual process theories in social psychology (pp. 361– 382 ). New York: Guilford Press.

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