Effectiveness of growth regulators in garlic (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) production

Abstract

The results of the studies of new generation growth regulators in the cultivation of planting material of garlic (Allium sativum L.) are presented. The experiments (2019-2021) were conducted in the field trials in the Moscow region. The plants were grown on the soil containing 3.2% humus, 2.9 mg nitrogen/100 g soil, 26.8 mg phosphorus/100 g soil, 3.9 mg potassium/100 g soil, pH of the salt extract - 5.2. During the growing season of the plants three fertilizer applications were made: the first - in the phase of intensive leaf growth with ammonium nitrate (at a dose of 30 g/m2), the second - 2 weeks after the first with nitroammophoska (30 g/m2), the third - 2 weeks after the second with potassium sulfate (50 g/m2). The weather conditions were generally favorable for garlic cultivation. The plants were watered as needed. The experiments were conducted on winter garlic of the Gladiator variety. Seed (aerial bulbs) and planting material (one-toothed bulbs and cotyledons) were treated by soaking for 30 min, and the plants obtained from them were sprayed with growth regulator solutions. The preparations Lostor and Energy M, were used at a concentration of 0.01%, Zircon at a concentration of 0.025% for the treatment of the planting material and at a concentration of 0.1% for the treatment of the above-ground part of the plants. It was found that treatment of aerial bulbs and plants with Lostor promotes an increase in the yield of one-toothed bulbs by 18.8%, and by 8.1 % with Energy M. Treatment of single-toothed bulbs and plants with Lostor increases the yield of multitoothed bulbs by 24.3%, and with Energy M by 16.2%. Application of Lostor promotes an increase in the dry matter content by 8.0% and an increase in the sum of sugars by 9.2%.