Explicit Motives, Antecedents, and Consequences of Direct Self-Injurious Behaviors

Author:

Snir Avigal12,Apter Alan1,Barzilay Shira12,Feldman Dana12,Rafaeli Eshkol2,Carli Vladimir3,Wasserman Camilla45,Hadlaczky Gergö3,Hoven Christina W.46,Sarchiapone Marco5,Wasserman Danuta3

Affiliation:

1. 1Feinberg Child Study Centre, Schneider Children's Medical Centre, Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

2. Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel

3. National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

4. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

5. Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy

6. Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

Abstract

Abstract. Background: Self-injurious behaviors in adolescence are a serious public health concern. Aims: The current study aims to expand our understanding of motives for direct self-injurious behaviors (D-SIB). We examined the explicit motives but also the actual antecedents and consequences of D-SIB over time. Method: As part of the Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE) study, adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18 years from Israel completed self-report questionnaires at baseline, 3-month, and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Decreases in social support predicted later increases in D-SIB, an effect mediated by negative affect. Both peer and parental support also exerted quadratic effects on D-SIB. Thus, low as well as high support predicted subsequent D-SIB. In turn, D-SIB was followed by increased peer and parental support. Limitations: Our methodology relies on self-reports, affected by social desirability and recall biases. Conclusion: The findings support a causal path for the development of D-SIB: from interpersonal distress to emotional distress and then to D-SIB. They also point to interesting avenues regarding subgroupings of adolescents who self-injure depending on their motives. Finally, our results reveal that D-SIB, although of negative import, might paradoxically be effective in serving certain functions such as gaining support from parents and peers.

Publisher

Hogrefe Publishing Group

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health

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