Measurement of Circulating 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Using Three Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits with Comparison to Liquid Chromatography: Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method

Abstract

Aim. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and clinical implications of three commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Eagle Biosciences, Immundiagnostik, and MicroVue) with a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the measurement of serum 25(OH)D concentration. Methods. Blood samples were obtained from 225 healthy individuals who were recruited as subjects from Loughborough University, UK. Plasma samples were measured for 25(OH)D concentration by means of LC-MS/MS and ELISA kits from Eagle Biosciences, Immundiagnostik, and MicroVue. Results. The 25(OH)D concentration measured by the Eagle Biosciences, Immundiagnostik, and MicroVue ELISAs biased −50.9 ± 79.1 nmol/L, −14.2 ± 91.0 nmol/L, and −7.2 ± 18.9 nmol/L (bias ± SD) from the LC-MS/MS method, respectively. We found that 52% (Eagle Biosciences), 48% (Immundiagnostik), and 38% (MicroVue) of participants were misclassified, and the results showed the poor agreement (Kappa: −0.201~0.251) in classification of participants defined as vitamin D sufficiency and insufficiency between each method and LC-MS/MS. Conclusions. The present study demonstrated that there were negative biases and considerable misclassification of participants using the cut-off point (50 nmol/L) for vitamin D insufficiency and sufficiency using the Eagle Biosciences, Immundiagnostik, and MicroVue ELISAs compared with the LC-MS/MS assay.