Geo-cognitive methods of providing analysis and forecasting of socio-economic development of territories

Abstract

The issues of using geospatial data, information and knowledge in the processes of analysis and forecasting of socio-economic development of territories are considered. It is proposed to expand the composition of a single complex of means for macroeconomic interregional intersectoral planning due to a more complete consideration of the geospatial features of the studied territory and the transition to a new model of spatial and economic policy based on the widespread use of digital geoplatforms. The article provides information on the importance of geospatial support for planning and management of territories for the sustainable development of their economy and social sphere and information on the support of this industry at the international (UN) and national levels of the most developed countries of the world. The purpose of the research is indicated—the substantiation of the methodology for productive and effective geospatial support for the solutions of analytical and forecasting tasks, which increases the level of taking into account the territorial features of the regions. A new term “geocognitive modeling of the territory” and theoretical and methodological approaches to assessing this process to ensure strategic regional planning are proposed. A number of initial conceptual provisions have been formulated, including: geodata and geoinformation are more in demand at the microlevel of the economy, and geoscience at the macrolevel of the economy. geosciences refer to certain subject-spatial heterogeneities and they can be represented as a special type of spatial objects and processed by means of gIS. A list of indicators of a separate geofragment of the territory for use in strategic planning is given. The proposed method for solving the geospatial problem of assessing the synergetic effect in the interaction of natural resources with the transport system by increasing the connectivity of territories is described. As an example, a model of cognitive indexing of geofragments is proposed and its set-theoretic representation is given. The conclusion is made about the need for a more complete use of geospatial tools in planning the development of regions, which will reduce the risks of making unreasonable managerial decisions and take into account the influence of the human factor.