Fuzzy Logic and PI Controller for Photovoltaic Panel Battery Charging System

Abstract

Due to the nonlinear property of the PV panels, there are a few significant restrictions and limitations in the PV solar system. The PV panels always have to depend on environmental conditions such as temperature and solar radiation to generate efficient power. This paper proposed an optimum control system that can handle the uncertainties and nonlinearities of any system by using the Fuzzy Logic Control system (FLC). The proposed system utilized an FLC system for a DC-DC boost converter, tracking the PV panel’s maximum power point (MPPT). A PI control system is also used to maintain the continuous power supply for an optimum battery charging system for the DC-DC Buck converter. The goal is to provide constant voltage and appropriate current for charging the battery. It will increase the system efficiency and reduce the losses. It would also increase the battery life cycle and help the battery to charge fast. There are several MPPT methods found in the literature. The FLC can make a precise decision by considering the environmental state of the system. It can get a response to nonlinear environmental conditions instantly. The proposed system yielded an expected accuracy of 92% to 96%, with a system efficiency of 76% to 83%. Besides, it does not require any knowledge about the system since it is a rule-based system. The entire system has been designed in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results have been analyzed under 9 environmental states in a 1.0 s period. ABSTRAK: Berdasarkan struktur tak linear panel PV, terdapat beberapa faktor kekangan yang jelas dan had tertentu dalam sistem solar PV. Panel PV selalunya sering bergantung kepada kondisi persekitaran seperti suhu dan radiasi solar bagi menghasilkan tenaga optimum. Kajian ini mencadangkan sistem kawalan optimum yang dapat mengawal ketidaktentuan dan ketidak linearan apa-apa sistem menggunakan sistem Kawalan Logik Fuzi (FLC). Sistem yang dicadangkan ini menggunakan sistem FLC bagi penukaran penggalak DC-DC, mengesan titik tenaga maksimum panel PV (MPPT). Sistem Kawalan PI turut digunakan bagi menyediakan bekalan tenaga berterusan untuk sistem pengecas bateri optimum melalui penukaran Balik DC-DC. Matlamat adalah bagi menghasilkan voltan berterusan & arus mencukupi bagi mengecas bateri. Ia dapat meningkatkan kecekapan sistem dan mengurangkan pembaziran tenaga. Ia juga dapat meningkatkan kitaran hayat bateri dan membantu bateri mengecas dengan cepat. Terdapat beberapa kaedah MPPT dijumpai dalam kajian terdahulu. FLC dapat menghasilkan keputusan tepat dengan mengambil kira keadaan persekitaran pada sistem tersebut. Ia dapat memberi respon kepada keadaan persekitaran tak linear dengan serta merta. Sistem yang dicadangkan menghasilkan ketepatan yang dijangkakan sebanyak 92% hingga 96%, dengan kecekapan sistem sebanyak 76% hingga 83%. Selain itu, ia tidak memerlukan apa-apa pengetahuan tentang sistem tersebut kerana sistem ini berdasarkan aturan. Keseluruhan sistem dibangunkan menggunakan MATLAB/Simulink. Dapatan simulasi dikaji menggunakan 9 tahap persekitaran dalam tempoh 1.0 s.