Effect of Feed Flowrates on the Physical Properties and Antioxidant of Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria Macrocarpa) Encapsulated Powder

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study on the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa extracts by maltodextrin using spray drying. The bioactive compound from dried Mahkota Dewa was obtained using a subcritical water extraction process prior to a spray drying process. The effect of feed flow rate (485 to 2115 ml/h) was investigated using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT). It was observed that the mean particle size increase varied from 3.55 to 8.38 µm when the feed flow rate increased from 485 to 2115 ml/h. Moisture content increased 4.88 to 6.83% as the feed flow rate increased from 485 to 2115 ml/h, whereas the antioxidant activity increased slightly from 90.48 to 91.65%. The findings from this study showed that decrease in feed flow rate reduces antioxidant activity, moisture content, and particle size. ABSTRAK: Kertas kerja ini adalah berkenaan kajian eksperimen melalui proses pengkapsulan ekstrak buah Mahkota Dewa dengan menggunakan maltodekstrin melalui teknik pengeringan semburan. Sebatian bioaktif dari buah Mahkota Dewa kering diperoleh melalui teknik pengekstrakan air subkritikal sebelum proses pengeringan semburan. Kesan kadar aliran masuk (485 hingga 2115 ml/jam) dikaji menggunakan konsep satu-faktor-pada-satu-masa (OFAT). Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa purata saiz zarah meningkat dari 3.55 kepada 8.38 µm ketika kadar aliran masuk meningkat dari 485 sehingga 2115 ml/jam. Kandungan kelembapan meningkat dari 4.88 kepada 6.83% dengan kenaikan kadar aliran masuk dari 485 hingga 2115 ml/jam, sedangkan aktiviti antioksida meningkat sedikit dari 90.48 hingga 91.65%. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penurunan kadar aliran masuk berkurang melalui aktiviti antioksida, kandungan kelembapan dan saiz zarah.