Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. extracts and Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic during starter period on growth performance of male broiler chicken

Abstract

Background: Probiotics and medicinal plants have been used to support human and livestock health. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract on the growth of P. pentosaceus, L.acidophilus and L. plantarum  during starter period on nutrient intake, body weight gain, FCR and feed efficiency in broiler chicken. Methods: This study consisted of three sub studies: (1) Screening test for phytochemical compounds. The flavonoid test was conducted by Bate Smith-Metcalf and Wilstatter method.  The Tannin test with Denis’ reagent.  The saponin test was performed by the Forth method.  Triterpenoid tests were performed by the Liebermann-Bouchard method and the alkaloids test was conducted by the method of Mayer, Bouchardat  and Wagner. (2) evaluation of level M.oleifera extract, where each test tube was added with 1 mL of each isolate and incubated at 37°C. The growth of probiotic bacteria was calculated by using the TPC. (3) evaluation of probiotics and M. oleifera in vivo to prove growth performance. All results were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) then followed by the Duncan test. Results: (1) The phytochemical screening test M. oleifera extract contained positive of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and alkaloids; (2) in vitro evaluation of M. oleifera extract could increased the growth of bacteria probiotic (p<0.05); (3) The use of probiotics and M. oleifera extract could improve growth performance. The result of body weight, body weight gain, FCR and feed efficiency signifcantly differed (p <0.05), but there was no significant difference (p >0.05) on nutrient intake.  Conclusions: The use of M.oleifera extract at doses of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% increased the growth of P. pentosaceus, L. acidophilus and L. plantarum bacteria in vitro and the use of probiotics, M.oleifera extract and their combination by in vivo improved the growth performance on starter phase of broilers chicken.