Cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome components: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo City, Venezuela

Author:

Bermudez ValmoreORCID,Olivar Luis Carlos,Torres Wheeler,Navarro Carla,Gonzalez Robys,Espinoza Cristobal,Morocho Alicia,Mindiola Andres,Chacin Maricarmen,Arias Victor,Añez RobertoORCID,Salazar JuanORCID,Riaño-Garzon ManuelORCID,Diaz-Camargo Edgar,Bautista Maria Judith,Rojas Joselyn

Abstract

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that cigarette smoking can cause the onset of metabolic syndrome prior to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking habit and metabolic syndrome components in an adult population from Maracaibo city, Venezuela. Methods: The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with random and multi-stage sampling. In this sub-study, 2212 adults from both genders were selected. On the basis of their medical background, they were classified as smokers, non-smokers and former smokers. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to Harmonizing 2009 criteria, using population-specific abdominal circumference cut-off points. The association between risk factors was evaluated using a logistic regression model. Results: In the studied population, 14.8% were smokers, 15.4% were former smokers. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of metabolic syndrome (smokers: OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11–2.14; p=0.010) and its components were related to cigarette smoking, with the exception of hyperglycemia. High blood pressure was inversely associated with current smoking status (smokers: OR, 0.70 (0.51–0.95); p=0.025). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking represents a related factor with metabolic syndrome, being associated with low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, increased abdominal circumference and elevated triacylglyceride levels. Former smokers did not present a greater risk for developing this metabolic disease when compared to non-smokers. The effect of avoiding this habit should be evaluated in future studies in our population.

Funder

Fundación para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnología del Estado Zulia

Consejo de Desarrollo Científico, Humanístico y Tecnológico, Universidad del Zulia

Publisher

F1000 Research Ltd

Subject

General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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