Effect of epigallocatechin gallate nanoemulsion on submandibular salivary glands following application of botulinum neurotoxins in albino rats: potential therapeutic effects

Abstract

Background: Injecting botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) into the salivary glands is a common treatment for certain diseases. Green tea's active compound, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has been linked to a variety of health benefits, including the reduction of free radicals and inflammation. This study compared the effects of BoNT and BoNT/EGCG on the submandibular salivary glands (SMG) histology and ultrastructure. Methods: Both BoNT and BoNT/EGCG nanoemulsions were injected into the submandibular salivary glands (SMGs) in adult male albino rats, which were then euthanized, and the right SMGs were thoroughly dissected and prepared for histological, immunohistochemical, and transmission electron microscopic analysis. Results: When compared to the BoNT group, the BoNT/EGCG nanoemulsion group significantly improved SMG acinar and ductal cells using both H&E and immunohistochemical stainings. Ultrastructural findings of the BoNT/EGCG nanoemulsion group revealed marked improvement in the SMG structure, almost normal acini, and striated ducts. Conclusion: Salivary gland histological structures are significantly altered after BoNT administration, but the addition of EGCG causes only minor alterations and can be used to treat hyperfunction.