Effect of foot core exercises vs ankle proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on pain, range of motion, and dynamic balance in individuals with plantar fasciitis: a comparative study

Abstract

Plantar fasciitis is generally described as an inflammation of the plantar fascia and adjacent tissues around calcaneus tuberosity. Plantar fasciitis onset has been proposed to have an internal mechanical cause, even though this is inadequately recognized. Studies related to alternation in lower-extremity biomechanics that leads to reduced domes of the foot are hypothesized to cause tension in the underlying fascia. Similarly, despite a wealth of anecdotal data suggesting a direct connection between foot mechanism and disability. This condition typically leads to calf muscular stiffness, soreness in the bottom of the feet, decreased range and foot function, strength, and balance impairment. These results interfere with the normal biomechanics of ambulation. A total of (n=66) individuals with plantar fasciitis will be selected for the trial. Subjects will be allocated to Groups A and B at equal allocation with randomization. Group A will undergo foot core exercises, while Group B will undergo ankle proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, with both groups receiving conventional treatment. The regimen lasts for 40 minutes, 5 days, for 6 weeks. Foot core exercises are exercises to strengthen the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the foot, which results in the improvement in the alignment of the foot. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises are the facilitatory technique to improve the range and strength of the muscles, which results in the improvement in balance. Ultrasound and stretching techniques were added as the conventional therapy to reduce the pain. The outcome measures will be assessed on the Foot Functional Index, modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Weight Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT) will be assessed at the initiation and completion of the entire treatment protocol. Results will be analyzed prior to and after therapeutic intervention. Based on the comparison of the two treatments' effects on measuring outcomes in individuals with plantar fasciitis, an analysis will be conducted.