Food sovereignty: an alternative paradigm for poverty reduction and biodiversity conservation in Latin America

Author:

Chappell M Jahi,Wittman Hannah,Bacon Christopher M,Ferguson Bruce G,Barrios Luis García,Barrios Raúl García,Jaffee Daniel,Lima Jefferson,Méndez V Ernesto,Morales Helda,Soto-Pinto Lorena,Vandermeer John,Perfecto Ivette

Abstract

Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in Latin America. We then analyze the potential of a food sovereignty framework, based on protecting the viability of a diverse agroecological matrix while supporting rural livelihoods and global food production. We review several successful examples of this approach, including ecological land reform in Brazil, agroforestry,milpa, and the uses of wild varieties in smallholder systems in Mexico and Central America. We highlight emergent research directions that will be necessary to assess the potential of the food sovereignty model to promote both biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction.

Publisher

F1000 Research Ltd

Subject

General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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